植物生长调节剂对‘秦冠’苹果花粉管生长和花粉萌发的影响  

Influences of Plant Growth Regulators on Pollen Tube Growth and Germination in ‘Qinguan' Apple

作　　者：张雪[1] 梁俊[1] 景淑娟[2] 陈菲菲[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学园艺学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]西北农林科技大学白水苹果试验站,陕西白水715600

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2014年第25期213-217,共5页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：陕西省科技统筹重大专项课题"成龄苹果园授粉技术研究与示范"(2011KTZB02-02-04);"十二五"国家科技支撑计划(2014AD16B02)

摘　　要：研究吲哚乙酸、萘乙酸、赤霉素、2,4-D、6-BA5种植物生长调节剂对苹果花粉管生长和花粉萌发的影响。以贮藏6个月的‘秦冠’花粉为材料,配制不同浓度梯度植物生长调节剂的固体培养基培养花粉,研究不同浓度植物激素对花粉管生长和花粉萌发的影响。结果表明,当吲哚乙酸≤1 mg/L、萘乙酸≤1 mg/L、6-BA≤5 mg/L、赤霉素≤10 mg/L时对花粉萌发有轻微促进作用,当浓度增大时抑制作用较突出;2,4-D对花粉萌发存在明显抑制作用;当赤霉素、2,4-D、吲哚乙酸、萘乙酸、6-BA浓度分别达到50、30、30、15、25 mg/L时,花粉遭受浓度迫害出现畸形扭曲。吲哚乙酸、萘乙酸、赤霉素、2,4-D、6-BA对‘秦冠’花粉管生长和花粉萌发均无明显促进作用,并且随浓度增大抑制作用较明显,人工辅助授粉时用于添加剂效果不理想。The effects of five kinds of plant growth regulators such as IAA, NAA, GA3, 2,4-D and 6-BA, with different concentrations on pollen tube growth and germination in apple were studied. Taking the ＇ Qinguan＇ pollen stored for 6 months as experimental materials, the solid medium which including the plant growth regulators with different concentration was confected to cultivate pollens in order to research the effects of plant growth regulators with different mass concentration on the pollen tube growth and germination. When IAA≤ 1 mg/L, 6-BA≤5 mg/L, GA3≤10 mg/L, NAA≤1 mg/L, it had a slight effect on pollen germination. But it was inhibited more seriously with the increasing concentration. The pollen tube growth and germination was inhibited by 2,4-D, no matter what concentration it was. When the concentration of GA3, 2,4-D, IAA, NAA, 6-BA reached 50, 30, 30, 15, 25 mg/L respectively, the pollens were deformed and twisty under high concentration. IAA, NAA, GA3, 2,4-D, 6-BA had no significant effect on the ＇Qinguan＇ pollen tube growth and pollen germination, but inhibited significantly with the increasing concentration, therefore, could not acted as ideal additives in artificial pollination.

关 键 词：苹果 植物生长调节剂 花粉管生长 花粉萌发 

分 类 号：S661.1[农业科学—果树学]