施用生物黑炭对红壤旱地理化性状及玉米生长的影响  

Effects of Different Biochar Rates on Physical and Chemical Properties of Red Soil and Maize Growth

作　　者：孙永明[1] 李钟平[1] 黄齐[2] 熊春贵[1] 王端飞[3] 

机构地区：[1]江西省红壤研究所/国家红壤改良工程技术研究中心/农业部江西耕地保育科学观测实验站,南昌330046 [2]江西省山江湖开发治理委员会办公室,南昌330046 [3]江苏中烟工业有限责任公司,南京210019

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2014年第27期127-131,共5页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：江西省科技计划项目"生物黑炭定向培育红壤旱地技术集成与示范"(20122BBF60087)

摘　　要：通过田间小区试验,研究施用0（CK）、6、12、24、48 t/hm25个梯度生物黑炭对红壤旱地理化性状影响及玉米增产效果,结果表明：施用不同用量的生物黑炭处理与CK相比,土壤密度降低幅度达4.8%-16.3%,土壤毛管孔隙度增幅为8.1%-21.6%,土壤团聚体粒径〉0.5 mm团聚体随着生物黑炭施用量的增加大致呈现减少的趋势,粒径〈0.5 mm土壤团聚体随着生物黑炭施用量的增加呈现增加趋势,MWD降低率分别为7.93%、25.39%、30.15%、28.57%,土壤pH提高0.19-1.02个单位,土壤CEC增加0.80-2.46 cmol/kg。从玉米产量来看,与对照相比产量增幅为32.5%-80.0%,拟合曲线方程为y=-5.9507x2＋358.45x＋6689.7,得出红壤旱地的最佳生物黑炭用量为30 t/hm2。The filed experiment of different biochar rates, which the amounts were 0 （CK）, 6, 12, 24, 48 t/hm2 , was conducted in red soil. Soil physical and chemical properties and maize yield were analyzed. The results showed that： compared with CK, the soil bulk density of different biochar rates were reduced by 4.8%-16.3%, and soil capillary porosity were increased by 8.1%-21.6%. The soil aggregate that more than 0.5 mm was decreased with the increasing of biochar amounts, but the soil aggregate that less than 0.5 mm was increased with the increasing of biochar amounts. Soil MWD in 6, 12, 24, 48 t/hm2 biochar were cut down by 7.93%, 25.39%, 30.15% and 28.57% compared with CK. However, their soil pH and CEC were increased by 0.19- 1.02 units and 0.80-2.46 cmol/kg. Finally, the maize yield of biochar were increased 32.5%-80.0% compared with CK, and the fitting curve equation was y=-5.9507x^2＋358.45x＋6689.7, therefore, the best rate of biochar application was 30 t/hm2 in red soil.

关 键 词：生物黑炭 红壤旱地 理化性状 玉米产量 

分 类 号：S157[农业科学—土壤学]