石棉绒增强SiO_2气凝胶隔热材料常压工艺研究  

Research on the Ambient Prussure Drying Processs of SiO_2 Aerogel Insulating Materials Reinforced by Asbestos Fibers

作　　者：高妮[1] 刘开平[2] 温久然[2] 孙志华[2] 

机构地区：[1]陕西铁路工程职业技术学院道桥工程系,渭南714000 [2]长安大学材料科学与工程学院,西安710061

出　　处：《硅酸盐通报》2014年第9期2419-2424,共6页Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society

基　　金：陕西省自然科学项目基金(2013JM7012);陕西铁路工程职业技术学院项目基金(2014-09)

摘　　要：气凝胶是一种优质隔热材料。本文以石棉绒纤维作为气凝胶的增强材料,以水玻璃为硅源,通过常压干燥工艺进行SiO2气凝胶块体保温隔热材料的制备。研究了湿凝胶制备工艺流程及洗涤工艺对气凝胶材料结构及性能的影响。研究发现,以石棉绒为增强材料常压制备SiO2湿凝胶的最佳制备工艺为:在水、纤维和分散剂配制的纤维分散悬浮液中首先加入乙醇搅拌均匀,然后与水玻璃和氟硅酸钠配制的水玻璃凝胶液搅拌混合,再注模固化;在固化湿凝胶的洗涤和溶剂置换工艺中,以水为洗涤溶剂效果好,产品性能高。以石棉绒为增强材料,采用常压干燥工艺制备的SiO2气凝胶隔热材料具有收缩率小,产品规整,密度小,孔隙率高,及较好的强度和隔热性能。Aeroge is a good insulationg materials. The paper used the asbestos fibers as the reinforcements and the sodium silicate as the silicon source of the SiO2 aerogels,and prepared the SiO2 aerogel insulating Bulk materials by ambient pressure process. The influences of the making and washing processes of the wet aerogel to the materials＇ structures and properties were studied. The results show that,the best wet aerogel making process is mixing the fiber suspension with the alcohol first,then conbining the sodium silicate-salufer solusions. Washing the wet aerogel with water has better product properties. The asbestos reinforced aerogel insulation materials by ambient pressure process have less shrinkage,regular shape,low density,high porosity,good strengths and insulating properties.

关 键 词：石棉绒纤维 SIO2气凝胶 溶胶-凝胶 常压干燥 

分 类 号：TU55[建筑科学—建筑技术科学]