钻孔过程监测(DPM)对工程岩体质量评价方法的完善与提升  

DRILLING PROCESS MONITORING FOR REFINING AND UPGRADING ROCK MASS QUALITY CLASSIFICATION METHODS

作　　者：岳中琦[1] 

机构地区：[1]香港大学土木工程系

出　　处：《岩石力学与工程学报》2014年第10期1977-1996,共20页Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering

基　　金：香港特别行政区政府研究基金委员会项目(HKU 7137/03E);国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)项目(2011CB710600);国家自然科学基金资助项目(41372336)

摘　　要：提出能够完善和提升现有工程岩体质量评价方法的一套新技术、新方法和新规律。新技术为现场钻孔过程监测(DPM)技术。新方法为钻孔过程时空数据的快速直观时间序列分析方法。新规律为钻头进深随时间曲线呈分段线性变化,每段钻进速度是常数,每一常数钻速段代表一个均匀抗钻岩石(岩块),常数钻速之间的突变点或低钻速段分别为钻孔穿过岩块间断面的截点或截段。DPM可以提供工程岩体质量评价完善和提升所需要的新的测量方法和数据,从而可以快速、有效、定量地测量到岩石块体的单轴抗压强度、大小和地下分布,以及岩石块体之间界面断面的产状、延伸、凸凹起伏平整度、厚度和充填物质的物理和力学性质。通过实例来介绍、分析和解释这套技术、方法和规律。并且给出DPM钻孔过程监测完善和提升现有工程岩体质量评价RQD,Q,RMR和BQ方法的具体途径和计算公式,能更客观全面地确定岩块单轴抗压强度、岩体质量指标、岩体完整程度、岩石坚硬程度和间断面。A new technique, a new method and a new law were put forward for the refinements and upgrading of current engineering rock mass quality classification methods, i.e. the automatic drilling process monitoring（DPM） technique, the fast and direct time-series analysis of the DPM data and the DPM based findings that the curve of the drill bit advancement depth versus the net drilling time can be easily measured and calculated and that it can be represented as a set of connected linear lines. Each linear line zone has a constant slope gradient or drilling speed and represents an intact and homogeneous rock block. The position of the curve slope gradient jump between any two connected linear zones represents a discontinuity plane. DPM can offer a new measurement method and many factual data for the refinements and upgrading. Consequently, the uniaxial compressive strengths, sizes and spatial locations of rock material blocks and the associated discontinuities in underground can be rapidly, effectively, objectively and quantitatively measured and estimated. Case studies are given to illustrate, explain and describe the new technique, the new method and the new law. The approach and its associated equations were presented to refine and upgrade the current RQD, Q, RMR and BQ methods for rock mass quality classifications. The methodsfor objectively and effectively measure were included and the rock strength, RQD, rock mass integrity, rock hardness and discontinuities were estimated.

关 键 词：岩石力学 岩体质量 钻孔过程监测 钻进速度 单轴抗压强度 岩体质量指标 岩体完整程度 

分 类 号：TU45[建筑科学—岩土工程]