早产儿与足月儿气胸的临床分析  

Clinical Analysis of Pneumothorax in Premature and Mature Infants

作　　者：边巴卓玛[1,2] 韩雪芹[1] 夏斌[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川大学华西第二医院儿科,成都610041 [2]西藏那曲地区人民医院儿科

出　　处：《中华妇幼临床医学杂志（电子版）》2014年第5期33-35,共3页Chinese Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics(Electronic Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(81370738);国家临床重点专科建设项目(1311200003303);四川省卫生厅科学研究项目(060026)~~

摘　　要：目的探讨早产儿与足月儿气胸的临床特点。方法选择2008年1月至2012年12月在四川大学华西第二医院新生儿科住院治疗的166例气胸患儿为研究对象,按照出生时胎龄将其分为早产儿组(42例,胎龄<37孕周)和足月儿组(124例,37孕周≤胎龄<42孕周)。回顾性分析并比较两组患儿的临床表现、治疗及结局。本研究遵循的程序符合四川大学华西第二医院人体试验委员会制定的伦理学标准,得到该委员会批准,征得受试对象监护人知情同意,并与监护人签署临床研究知情同意书。结果 1两组患儿入院时性别及生产方式构成比比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),两组均为男性多于女性、剖宫产多于自然分娩。2早产儿组出生体质量、胎龄及入院年龄均较足月儿组低,且差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。3早产儿组入院时发现气胸比例显著低于足月儿组,且差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。4早产儿组与足月儿组气胸类型构成比比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),早产儿组病理性和(或)医源性气胸所占比例更大,而足月儿组自发性气胸所占比例更大。5早产儿组胸腔闭式引流率、机械通气率、病死率、所有患儿平均住院日及治愈患儿平均住院日均显著高于或长于足月儿组,且差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论早产儿气胸病情较足月儿更危重,治疗更困难,结局更差,需临床医师高度重视。Objective To analyze clinical characteristics of pneumothorax in premature and mature infants.Methods A total of 166 cases of neonatal pneumothorax who got hospitalization and treatment in Department of Neonatology,West China Second University Hospital from January 2008 to December 2012 were chosen as study subjects.According to gestational age at birth,they were divided into premature group 42 cases,gestational age〈37weeks）and mature group 124 cases,37 weeks≤gestational age42 weeks）.The clinical manifestations,treatments and outcomes were retrospectively analyzed and compared.The study protocol was approved by the Ethical Review Board of Investigation in Human Beings of West China Second University Hospital.Informed consent was obtained from the parents of each participating patient.Results 1 The constituent ratio of gender and delivery ways of two groups had no significant differences（P〉0.05）,the number of boys were more than the number of girls,and the number of cesarean delivery were more than those natural labor delivery in two groups.2 The birth weight,gestational age and admission age to hospital of premature group were significantly lower than those of mature group,and there were statistically significant differences（P〈0.05）.3 The incidence of pneumothorax on admission of premature group were significantly lower than that of mature group,and there was statistically significant difference（P〈0.05）.4 The constituent ratio of pneumothorax types of two groups had significant differences（P〈0.05）,showed more pathological and（or）iatrogenic pneumothorax in premature group and more spontaneous pneumothorax in mature group.5 The ratio of closed drainage of thoracic cavity and mechanical breath support,case fatality ratio,average days stay in hospital of all children and cured children of premature group were higher or longer than those of mature group,and there were statistically significant differences（P〈0.05）.Conclusions Compare pneumothorax in premature infants to mature

关 键 词：气胸 婴儿 新生 婴儿 早产 

分 类 号：R722.6[医药卫生—儿科]