空间集聚、规模门槛与技术创新:基于中国制造业企业普查数据的实证分析  

Spatial Agglomeration,Scale Threshold and Innovation——Evidence from China Manufacturing Census

作　　者：沈能[1] 

机构地区：[1]苏州大学商学院,江苏苏州215021

出　　处：《管理工程学报》2014年第4期21-27,共7页Journal of Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(71003023);江苏省"青蓝工程"中青年学术带头人培育计划资助项目

摘　　要：本文构建了关于空间集聚、规模门槛与技术创新关系的分析框架,并利用我国制造业企业普查数据检验了空间集聚对技术创新影响的规模门槛效应。实证结果显示:专业化集聚和多样化集聚有利于企业技术创新,但是溢出效应存在门槛效应。对于规模门槛而言,专业化集聚和多样化集聚对企业技术创新的影响并非是线性关系,城市规模越小,专业化集聚对企业技术创新的影响更大,城市规模越大,多样化集聚对企业技术创新更显著。与大企业相比,多样化集聚对小企业技术创新的影响更明显。专业化集聚和多样化集聚对技术创新的影响在东部地区的比较明显,而对于中西部地区影响不显著。As a typical spatial economic phenomenon,the impact of industrial agglomeration on technology innovation mainly originates from the geographical proximity effect.Geographical proximity not only reduces the risk of innovation activities,but also facilitates the transfer and communication of knowledge,especially tacit knowledge,thereby expanding the innovation network and promoting the innovation output.Specialization spillover and diversification spillover are two important affecting channels of spatial agglomeration.However,the importance of specialization and diversification agglomeration for knowledge production and dissemination is not consistent.In addition to using different samples,measuring methods and variables,the previous literature primarily neglects scale difference effect （enterprise scale and agglomeration scale） on the agglomeration externality,thereby producing a seemingly contradictory conclusion.The paper proposes an analysis framework of spatial agglomeration,scale threshold （enterprise scale and agglomeration scale） and technology innovation and utilizes China＇s manufacturing industry enterprise census data to examine the scale threshold impact of spatial agglomeration on technology innovation after controlling human capital and city scale variables.The empirical results show that specialized externalities and diversified externalities are conducive to technology innovation within enterprises,and the spillover effect depends on the scale threshold.For the scale threshold,the impact of specialized externalities and diversified externalities on enterprise innovation is not linear.The agglomeration of small and medium-sized city tends to specialize,while the agglomeration of large city tends to diversify.The smaller the city scale,the more important the specialized externalities ‘ effect on enterprises’ technology innovation is.The larger the city scale,the more important the diversified externalities ‘ on enterprise’ technology innovation is.Lager enterprise＇ innovation activ

关 键 词：技术创新 多样化集聚 专业化集聚 门槛 

分 类 号：F323[经济管理—产业经济]