实时/时变路网环境下城市出救点选择与救援车辆路径的集成动态优化  

Dynamic Optimization of Combined Emergency Response Facility Selection and Vehicle Routing Problem in Real-time and Time-dependent Road Networks in Urban Environments

作　　者：马祖军[1] 胡萍[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学经济管理学院物流与应急管理研究所,四川成都610031

出　　处：《管理工程学报》2014年第4期165-172,共8页Journal of Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重大研究计划培育项目(90924012);高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金资助项目(20090184110029);四川省哲学社会科学研究规划资助项目(SC11B049);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(SWJTU11CX152)

摘　　要：为了提升城市突发公共事件应急资源调配效率,考虑实时/时变路网环境下出救点选择与救援车辆路径的集成优化问题(CERFSVRP),设计了一种实时/时变交通信息的结合策略,并提出了满足先进先出原则的路段行驶时间计算方法。在此基础上,综合考虑出救点选择、供应能力以及车辆路径连续性等约束条件,以应急响应时间最短为目标,基于虚拟出救点概念和滚动时域策略建立了CERFSVRP动态优化模型。针对该模型的特点,设计了一种改进遗传算法和线性规划法相结合的两阶段算法。算例分析结果表明该模型和算法可以有效解决实时/时变路网环境下城市突发公共事件CERFSVRP动态优化问题。If a public emergency happened in a city,local emergency departments would make fast and effective decisions about choosing appropriate emergency response facilities,dispatching appropriate number of relief vehicles,and planning reasonable vehicle routes in order to arrive at affected areas in the shortest possible time.The selection of emergency response facilities and vehicle routing arrangements are the key issues existing in urban emergency system optimization.These two problems are highly correlative,and it is necessary to optimize them together from the perspective of global optimization.Furthermore,the vehicles en route may be affected by traffic flow changes,traffic accidents,traffic control,weather changes,and other real-time or time-dependent factors because urban road traffic is uncertain and dynamic.These factors have a significant effect on rescue decision-making and if they are not considered in the decision,the solution may not be optimal or even feasible.Therefore,taking into account the actual situation in coping with an urban public emergency,this paper aims to enhance relief resource deployment efficiency by studying the optimization of combined emergency response facility selections and vehicle routing problems （CERFSVRP） with a single affected area and multiple emergency response facilities in real-time and time-dependent road networks.Firstly,to navigate relief vehicles more accurately,it is necessary to plan vehicle routes with real-time and time-dependent traffic information based on the actual location of relief vehicles at the moment of decision-making.Therefore,after introducing real-time traffic information acquisition and transfer technology,a combination strategy of real-time and time-dependent traffic information was designed by comprehensively considering these two kinds of traffic information in urban road networks.A calculation approach for the travel time of relief vehicles between any pair of nodes in urban road network is proposed based on the first-in-first-out principle.

关 键 词：出救点 车辆路径 实时 时变 遗传算法 

分 类 号：C931.1[经济管理—管理学]