中国古漆工艺“剔犀”与“犀皮”之流变  

Evolution of “Lacquerware Carving” and “Rhinoceros Skin Pattern”in Ancient Lacquer Techniques

作　　者：汪瑾[1] 

机构地区：[1]南通大学艺术学院,江苏南通226007

出　　处：《南通大学学报（社会科学版）》2014年第5期96-100,共5页Journal of Nantong University:Social Sciences Edition

摘　　要："剔犀"与"犀皮"是中国传统漆工艺中的两种不同工艺品种。"剔犀"是在红黄黑漆层变化的基础上,从最初轻微的雕划,逐渐发展为有一定厚度的雕刻,并讲究剔刻的娴熟流畅,从而形成的一种新的工艺手法。"剔犀"工艺成熟于宋代,元明时期更是发展到顶点,出现张成、杨茂等雕漆大师。剔犀以流畅的抽象纹样、变化的断面为特点。犀皮现今发现的最早实物出土于三国时期墓葬,成熟于唐代,兴盛于明清时期,"犀皮"工艺以平整表面、变化莫测的纹样为特征。＂Lacquerware Carving＂ and ＂Rhinoceros Skin Pattern＂ are two different techniques developed in ancient China. ＂Lacquerware Carving＂ is based on the transformation of red, yellow and black paints, and has been developed from slight carving to deep sculpturing. This kind of technique came into being in the Song Dynasty and became mature in the Yuan and Ming Dynasties, and famous representatives are Zhang Cheng and Yang Mao. ＂Lacquerware Carving＂ is distinguished for smooth and abstract patterns, changing cross-sections. The earliest actual object was found in tombs of Three Kingdoms, and ＂Rhinoceros Skin Pattern＂ became mature in the Tang Dynasty and was prevalent in the Ming and Qing Dynasty. It is distinguished for smooth surface and unpredictable patterns.

关 键 词：中国古漆工艺 剔犀 犀皮 流变 

分 类 号：K876.7[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学] J527[历史地理—历史学]