气体钻井技术的发展趋势与新技术探讨  

DEVELOPMENT TREND OF GAS DRILLING AND DISCUSSION ON NEW GAS DRILLING TECHNIQUES

作　　者：肖洲[1] 吴俊[2] 颜小兵[1] 李宬晓[1] 

机构地区：[1]川庆钻探工程有限公司钻采工程技术研究院中石油欠平衡与气体钻井试验基地 [2]川庆钻探工程有限公司川西钻探公司

出　　处：《钻采工艺》2014年第5期5-7,117,共3页Drilling & Production Technology

基　　金：中石油集团公司重大现场试验项目"连续循环气体钻井系统现场试验"(编号:2012F-46)部分研究成果

摘　　要：回顾了气体钻井技术的发展历程,探讨了出水、出油地层气体钻井技术,连续循环气体钻井技术,气体钻水平井技术,储层氮气钻井技术等气体钻井新技术。雾化/泡沫钻井及循环泡沫钻井技术是解决小出水地层的有效手段,强抗油分散能力的抗油泡沫基液是解决地层出油关键。基于充气控回压的气体钻井控水工艺技术解决了大出水地层地面水难处理的问题。连续循环气体钻井技术可以在接单根、起下钻过程中保持连续循环,避免了井底积液引起的井壁垮塌,降低了卡钻风险,提高了钻井效率,延长了气体钻井井段。气体钻井钻水平井技术应用潜力较大,但国内气体钻井专用的螺杆等井下动力钻具还不成熟,限制了该项技术的发展。储层氮气钻完井技术能最大限度地避免外来流体对储层的伤害,有效保护油气层,提高单井产量和采收率,避免钻井井漏发生,大幅提高钻井速度,节约勘探开发成本,是解决致密油气藏难发现、难开采、提高单井产能十分有效的手段。以上新技术的成功应用将会对气体钻井技术产生革命性的影响,大大拓宽气体钻井技术的应用范围。The development process of gas drilling technology was reviewed,and a series of latest techniques were discussed,such as gas drilling technology for water & oil formation,valve- type continuous circulation drilling( VCCD),horizontal gas drilling,and nitrogen drilling technology. Spray &foam drilling technology is the effective drilling way to solve the litter water formation,and aerated drilling technology based on water control solves the problems of surface water treatment.VCCD can solve some problems,such as low production efficiency of gas drilling in the water formation,borehole collapse,sticking and great pressure fluctuation in aerated drilling. Horizontal gas drilling technology will have a great application potential,but the current downhole motor can't meet the demand of gas drilling,so the development of technology is limited. Nitrogen drilling technology can prevent reservoir damages from extraneous fluids,increase the single well productivity and recovery ratio,avoid lost circulation,improve ROP greatly,and save cost. Above new techniques enlarge the application range of gas drilling.

关 键 词：地层出水 气体钻井 连续循环钻井 气体钻水平井 氮气钻井 

分 类 号：TE242.9[石油与天然气工程—油气井工程]