半敞开式隧道火灾模型设计相似性论证  

Similarity demonstration of tunnel with roof openings fire-prevention model design

作　　者：刘洋[1,2] 王彦富[1,2] 张晓磊[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(华东)海洋油气装备与安全技术研究中心,山东青岛266580 [2]中国石油大学(华东)机电工程学院,山东青岛266580

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2014年第5期90-93,共4页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金：山东省自然科学基金面上项目(ZR2012EEM023);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(14CX05035A)

摘　　要：半敞开式隧道是一种节约、环保的新型隧道,但能否满足隧道火灾时的防排烟要求,需要通过试验来验证,模型试验是解决该问题的一种途径。为保证半敞开式隧道火灾模型试验结果能够有效地应用到原型,根据相似原理,对该模型试验的相似性进行了论证。以某实体隧道为原型,通过理论分析和计算,确定以弗诺德相似准则作为研究隧道火灾烟气的主要相似准则,得到模型率的取值范围为大于1∶15。同时从试验条件和可操作性等方面考虑,选取合适的模型率。最终确定半敞开式隧道火灾模型的缩比例为1∶10。Tunnel with roof openings is a new tunnel which is economical and environmental. However, for the time being, it remains necessary to make serious evaluation on whether it can meet the demands of the smoke control and extraction through persuasive experi- ments, because there hasn＇t been enough theoretical witness to validate its construction problems involved in their construction. To solve the key problems involving the construction of such tunnels, one of the most appropriate ways is to conduct the small-scale tunnel fire experiments. In order to ensure the results of the small-scale tunnel fire experiments effectively apply to the real or authentic tunnels, the similarity between model and prototype were demonstrated according to the similarity principle. A real tunnel with roof openings was taken as prototype, then Froude similarity criterion can be used as the similarity criterion in this research through the theory analysis and calculation, and determined the scale of the tunnel with roof openings greater than 1 ： 15. In order to promote the tunnel fire experiments more successfully, it is finally to analyze the models with different scales and determine the scales of the tunnel model in a ration between 1 ： 10.

关 键 词：安全工程 半敞开式隧道 自然通风 相似理论 缩比例 

分 类 号：X932[环境科学与工程—安全科学]