两种富集驯化条件下石油降解细菌菌群的特性研究  

On the oil-degradation microbial consortium from the oil-contaminated soil via enrichment and domestication

作　　者：汪志荣[1] 李燕妮[1] 朱小燕[1] 王伟荔 王静兰[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津理工大学环境科学与安全工程学院,天津300384

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2014年第5期166-170,共5页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金：天津市应用基础及前沿技术研究计划项目(重点)(11JCZDJC25000)

摘　　要：为了强化微生物修复石油污染土壤的效果,在实验室条件下,以传统的微生物培养技术为基础,结合分子生物学技术,对石油污染土壤经两种富集驯化培养基培养后的细菌菌群数量及细菌结构变化进行了测定和分析。结果表明:连续富集驯化4个周期后,在无机盐加原油富集驯化条件下,细菌浓度可以达到1.30×1012CFU/mL,比在牛肉膏蛋白胨加原油富集驯化条件下的细菌浓度(3.05×108CFU/mL)高4个数量级;从生物多样性看,无机盐加原油驯化得到的菌群更丰富,有11种细菌,而采用牛肉膏蛋白胨加原油驯化条件得到的菌群中只有4种细菌,当以原油为唯一碳源对土壤微生物驯化时,微生物数量较多,且多样性较高。在无机盐原油培养基条件下,菌群的石油降解率远高于牛肉膏蛋白胨原油培养基条件下菌群对原油的降解率,7 d和15 d的降解率分别可达到20.7%、13.2%和52.2%、35.7%。研究表明,不同的富集驯化方式对菌群的组成有较大影响,在未来应用中菌群的复杂性值得关注。The paper aims to introduce our experimental study results on the way to enhance the effects of microbial consortium on the remediation of oil-contaminated soil in hoping to promote the development and application of microbial consortia to the oil-contaminated soil remediation. In proceeding with our research, we have adopted the traditional microbial cultivation technology and molecular biologi- cal methods to the analysis of the microbe amount and community structure, which were enriched and domesticated via different cultured media. We have collected soil samples and crude oil samples from Dagang oil field in Tianjin in this paper, after 4 cycles of cultivation under the condition of 30 ℃ and 140 r/min time process of incubator shaking. The results of our experiments have shown that the amounts of the bacterial concentrations cultured by the media with inorganic salts and crude oil were able to reach 1.30 × 1012 CFU/mL, while those of the bacterial concentrations cultured by the media with beef extract peptone and crude oil were able to reach 3.05 × 10s CFU/mL. After＇a proper period of culture by using the PCR - DGGE techniques in terms of their perspective of community structure, it can be expected to find the bacterial consortium cultured by the media of inorganic salts and crude oil, including 11 kinds of bacteria, in which there exist three advantaged bands. In the mean time, it was expected to find the bacterial consortium cultured by medium with beef extract peptone and crude oil composed of 4 kinds of bacteria, in which there were only two advantaged bands. It was these bacteria that are the active decomposers that help to degrade the Phenanthrene, Naphthaline, aromatic hydrocarbon and resin-asphahenes in the crude oil. The degrading rates of the crude oil have been worked out at 20.7%, 13.2% and 52.2%, 35.7%, respectively, after 7 days and 15 days with the bacterial consortia cultured by the media with the degrading agents and the beef extract peptone. Thus, the results prove that the above said

关 键 词：环境工程学 微生物 细菌菌群 石油降解 微生物数量 群落结构 无机盐 牛肉膏 蛋白胨 

分 类 号：X741[环境科学与工程—环境工程]