酸雨和铅对大豆幼苗光合作用的复合影响  

Complex effects of acid rain and lead on the photosynthesis of soybean seedlings

作　　者：王娓敏 严丹丹[1] 邹华[1] 梁婵娟[1] 

机构地区：[1]江南大学环境与土木工程学院,江苏无锡214122

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2014年第5期331-334,共4页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学青年基金项目(31000245);江苏省自然科学基金项目(BK2011161)

摘　　要：采用水培法研究了酸雨AR(pH=3.0、3.5、4.5、7.0)和Pb(0、35 mg/L、90 mg/L、150 mg/L)复合污染对大豆幼苗光合作用的复合影响。结果表明,与对照组相比,单一AR或Pb处理下,净光合速率(Pn)、叶绿素(Chl)质量比、Hill反应活性和Mg2+-ATPase活性的降幅随酸雨pH值降低或Pb质量浓度升高而增大,呈明显的剂量-效应关系。AR+Pb复合处理下各指标的降幅均大于对应的单一处理,这表明酸雨加剧了Pb对大豆光合作用的抑制作用。双因素方差分析表明,Pb和酸雨对Hill反应活性无交互作用,而对Pn、Chl质量比和Mg2+-ATPase活性有显著交互作用。关于Pn、Chl质量比和Mg2+-ATPase活性复合效应的进一步评价结果表明,受胁迫强度的调控,低酸雨pH值/Pb质量浓度下,复合影响呈弱相加效应;在高酸雨pH值/Pb质量浓度下,复合影响呈强相加或协同效应,而且相同处理下AR与Pb对光合各参数的复合影响效应不一致,表现为对Chl质量比影响的相加效应最弱,对Mg2+-ATPase活性影响的相加效应较强。研究表明,Chl质量比、Hill反应活性和Mg2+-ATPase活性对Pn的影响程度随胁迫因子和胁迫方式的不同而改变,表明不同胁迫因子和胁迫方式作用于光合作用的位点不同,影响机制复杂多变。This paper is to report our study results of the complex ef- fects of acid rain and lead on the photosynthesis of soybean seedlings in the hydroponic conditions. In our water-planting experiments, we have set different acid rain pH values and Pb concentrations, while taking all the randomized block designs with one group treated via the neutral solution （pH = 7.0, Pb/0） as the control group. The results show that the decreasing ranges of net photosynthetic rate （Pn）, chlorophyll （Chl） content, Hill reaction activity and Mg2＋- ATPase activity tend to go up with the lowering of pH value and increase of Pb concentration, which implies the dose-response relationship and the sensitivity of each factor is different, with that of the content of Chl being the lowest. We have also found that the inhibition degrees of Pn, Chl content, Hill reaction activity and Mg2＋ - ATPase activi- ty of the soybean seedlings under the complex treatment of AR and Pb all tend to be greater than those gained through the corresponding single treatment, indicating that the acid rain aggravated the photosyn- thesis inhibition of Pb. However, the two-way ANOVA analysis proves that there were obviously interactive effects between Pb and the acid rain on P., Chl content and Mg2＋ - ATPase activity, while no obviously interactive effects on Hill reaction activity. Further influential effect evaluation results of P,, Chl content and Mg2＋ - ATPase activity demonstrate that the AR with low pH value/Pb concentration tends to show slight additive effect, whereas AR with high pH value/ Pb concentrations tends to show strongly additive or synergistic effects. Besides, under the same treatment of AR and Pb, the complex effects of the photosynthetic parameters turn to be various. Though the additive effects of chlorophyll were the least, the effect of Mg2＋ -ATPase activity proves to be strong. Thus, the correlation analysis prove that chlorophyll content, Hill reaction activity and Mg2＋ - ATPase activity may all produce various effec

关 键 词：环境科学技术基础学科 酸雨 光合作用 铅 大豆幼苗 

分 类 号：X517[环境科学与工程—环境工程]