铌对喷射成形M3∶2型高速钢组织和性能的影响  

Effect of niobium on the microstructure and properties of spray-formed M3:2 high speed steel

作　　者：卢林[1] 黄进峰[1] 侯陇刚[1] 张金祥[1] 王和斌[1] 崔华[2] 张济山[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京科技大学新金属材料国家重点实验室,北京100083 [2]北京科技大学材料科学与工程学院,北京100083

出　　处：《北京科技大学学报》2014年第10期1292-1298,共7页Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划资助项目(2011CB606303)

摘　　要：采用喷射成形工艺制备了含铌和不含铌M3∶2型高速钢,然后进行锻造加工.利用扫描电子显微镜、X射线能谱仪、X射线衍射仪等研究了铌对喷射成形M3∶2型高速钢组织和性能的影响.铌的加入细化了沉积态的组织,减小了M2C共晶碳化物尺寸,而对M2C的成分影响不明显.沉积态中MC碳化物的数量随铌含量提高而增多,且其成分变化显著.铌的加入可以提高喷射成形M3∶2型高速钢的抗回火软化性和二次硬化能力.但是,当铌质量分数为1%时,组织中形成数量较多且难以破碎的以铌为主的块状MC碳化物,导致钢的弯曲强度和冲击韧性下降.铌质量分数为0.5%的喷射成形M3∶2型高速钢可以获得最佳的硬度、弯曲强度和冲击韧性.AISI M3：2 high speed steels with or without niobium addition were prepared via spray forming, then subjected to forging processes. The effects of Nb on the microstructure and properties of the high speed steels were investigated by scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. It is found that Nb addition can refine the microstructure of the as-deposited steels and decrease the size of M2 C eutectic carbides. The amount of MC carbides in the as-deposited steels increases with increasing Nb content. The tempering resistance and second hardening ability of the high speed steel are improved by Nb addition. With a 1% Nb addition, lots of bulk Nb-rich primary MC carbides can form, which becomes the main cause of the reduction in bending strength and impact toughness of the high speed steel. However, the best mechanical properties can be achieved in the presence of 0. 5% Nb.

关 键 词：高速钢 喷射成形 组织 力学性能 铌 合金化 

分 类 号：TG142.45[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]