液化镍矿砂晃荡与船舶运动的耦合影响  

Coupling Effects Between Sloshing of Liquefied Nickel Ore and Ship Motion

作　　者：蔡文山[1] 高家镛 张甫杰[1] 金允龙[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海船舶运输科学研究所航运技术与安全国家重点实验室,上海200135

出　　处：《中国航海》2014年第3期54-58,共5页Navigation of China

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)项目(2012CB723804)

摘　　要：为研究矿砂运输船上货物的液化流动机理及该类型船的倾覆机理,以某镍矿砂运输船为研究对象,对液化镍矿砂晃荡与船舶运动的耦合影响进行研究。对均舱装载下船模的运动响应进行试验研究后发现,液化镍矿砂的晃荡移动会引发货物偏载和航舶横倾累积,最终导致船舶倾覆沉没;而通过添加纵舱壁可以避免这一现象发生。液化镍矿砂会对船舶运动响应产生类似"减摇水舱"的耦合影响。作为比较,对隔舱装载工况进行试验研究,发现在隔舱装载工况中没有明显的货物偏载和船舶横倾现象。该试验说明,隔舱装载会大大减小横摇运动幅值及因偏载产生的横倾角,加大船舶进水角裕度,有利于船舶在海上安全航行。With a Nickel ore carrier as the research subject, a series of model experimental study of coupling effects be- tween sloshing of the liquefied nickel ore and ship motion are carried out. The tests show that, with homogeneous loading, liquefied nickel ore can cause obviously cargo sloshing and shifting, which aggravates cargo unbalance and makes the ship heeling step by step and finally capsizing; Adding a longitudinal bulkhead in each cargo hold can prevent ship from that. Sloshing caused by liquefied Nickel ore can induce the coupling effect similar to ＇ anti-rolling tanker＇. The ship motion re- sponses with cargo loaded in ahemate loading are further studied. The results show that the phenomena of unbalanced load- ing and ship heeling is unapparent. The application of alternate loading can both decrease the rolling amplitude and heeling angle induced by cargo of unbalanced loading so as to increase the margin of ship flooding angle, which is positive to the shipping safety.

关 键 词：水路运输 镍矿砂运输船 均舱装载 隔舱装载 镍矿砂液化 晃荡移动 

分 类 号：U661.3[交通运输工程—船舶及航道工程] U695.2[交通运输工程—船舶与海洋工程]