抽样调查方法在捕捞渔业统计中的应用  

The application of sample survey on capture fisheries

作　　者：王继隆[1] 陈恩友[2] 赵文武[2] 刘伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]黑龙江水产研究所,黑龙江哈尔滨150070 [2]中国水产学会,北京100122

出　　处：《中国渔业经济》2014年第5期98-102,共5页Chinese Fisheries Economics

基　　金：中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(201107);农业部财政专项农业农村资源等监测统计(2130111)资助

摘　　要：抽样调查是渔业统计的一种重要方法,松花江干流捕捞渔业抽样调查是该方法在河流渔业统计中的首次应用。论文主要介绍了抽样调查在松花江干流捕捞渔业应用的方案和调查结果。1.框架调查。主要包括各江段捕捞渔船数量、作业方式、各月作业时间。2.样本量的计算。基于框架调查结果,按90%抽样精度要求,确定了船舶活动系数(BAC)和渔获物上岸量统计的样本船数量。3.数据采集和推算。采用时间普查、空间抽样的方式对作业渔船BAC及渔获量进行抽样统计。结果表明了不同渔具在各月份及不同地点的CPUE的变化,反应河流捕捞渔获量与时间和作业地点的选择有密切关系。BAC结果表明刺网是最主要的作业方式,作业时间最长,而拉网作业时间最短。抽样调查在渔业统计中呈现的优势,说明了分层抽样方法在内陆捕捞渔业统计中应用的可行性。Sample survey is an important method for fisheries statistics and the sample survey on capture fisheries in main stream of Songhua River is the first application of this method in river fisheries statistics. This paper mainly describes the plan and result of application of sample survey on the capture fisheries in the main stream of Songhua River. 1. Frame survey： it mainly includes the amount of fishing vessels, fishing types and fishing days at each month in the different streams of Songhua River.2. Calculation of sample size： Based on the results of the frame survey it determines the BAC （Boat Activity Coefficient） and the amount of the sampled vessels for catch statistics. 3. Data collection and calculation： the census in time and sampling in space is applied for BAC and catch estimation. The results indicate the variation of CPUE for each fishing type at different places each month and the catch level from the river is a close relationship between fishing season and fishing site choice. The results of BAC indicate that the gillnet is main fishing type in the main streams of Songhua River and its operation time is the longest but the operation time of the seine is the shortest. The sample survey method has an advantage in the fisheries statistics and it is shown that the application of the stratified sampling is feasibility in inland capture fisheries statistics.

关 键 词：松花江干流 抽样调查 渔业统计 单位捕捞努力量渔获量(CPUE) 

分 类 号：F326.411[经济管理—产业经济]