《露西》中的不可靠叙述与潜藏文本  

Reading the Subtext:Unreliable Narration in Jamaica Kincaid's Lucy

作　　者：申昌英[1] 王绵绵[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京外国语大学英语学院 [2]浙江传媒学院大学外语教学部

出　　处：《当代外国文学》2014年第4期43-52,共10页Contemporary Foreign Literature

摘　　要：加勒比海裔美国黑人女作家牙买加·金凯德的小说《露西》充斥着第一人称叙述者对白人殖民侵略和压迫的控诉及讽刺,学术界也倾向于从种族压迫、性别歧视和阶级压迫等层面对小说进行政治解读,并形成一种简单的"反强权"政治阐释定见。然而,笔者通过叙事学分析发现,小说存在着双重的不可靠叙述,其中,疏远型不可靠性叙述构成了对叙述者的反讽,反映她沉浸于殖民历史的阴影,习惯于"压迫与反压迫"的政治话语,从而排斥他人的爱和生活中存在的美,最终阻碍了她的自我发展,成为自己的"束缚者";契约型不可靠性叙述则部分地支持了后殖民解读,暴露出殖民地人民生活的混乱,以及他们对从属身份与殖民文化的内化和传承,成为自己的"压迫者"。同时,隐含作者也曾多次提醒读者跳出意识形态影响下的阐释框架,寻找解读作品的其它可能性。通过解读《露西》的潜藏文本,本文希望能在一定程度上对表层单向的反殖民与后殖民政治批评进行纠偏和补充。As a Caribbean-American woman writer, Jamaica Kincaid adopts firstperson point of view to satirize white colonialism in her novel Lucy, a work often read politically as a prototype text of anti-racist feminism. A critical analysis of the narrative of Lucy nevertheless enables us to see two types of unreliable narration. One is the estranging unreliability which creates irony towards the narrator herself, for the narrator has lived too long in the shadow of colonial history to realize that the counter discourse of resistance has led her to indiscriminate rejection of love and beauty and eventually, hindered her self-development. The other type of narration is the bonding unreliability, which means the narrative itself partly supports the postcolonial interpretation by exposing the chaotic life of the colonized and their internalized subordinate position in the white culture. Yet the novel repeatedly disrupts any fixed interpretative frame, encouraging the readers to go beyond racial and sexual politics for other posffible interpretations. By reading ~he subtext in Lucy, this essay not only ventures another approach to the novel but also intends to rectify the dominant simplistic post/anti-colonial interpretation.

关 键 词：牙买加·金凯德 《露西》 不可靠叙述 潜藏文本 阐释定见 

分 类 号：I712.074[文学—其他各国文学]