城市社区老年人健康素养现状及影响因素分析——以成都市为例  

Research on the status and influencing factors of health literacy among urban community elderly residents

作　　者：李磊[1] 施帆帆[1] 刘丹萍[1] 张强[1] 孙敏[1] 何艳霞[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川大学华西公共卫生学院(华西第四医院)

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2014年第21期3931-3935,共5页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：国际助老会项目:城镇社区老人健康管理模式研究(CH1024)

摘　　要：目的了解城市社区老年人健康素养的现状,发现存在的问题,探讨影响老年人健康素养的主要因素,为制定社区老年人健康干预计划提供参考依据。方法参照卫生部2008年制定的《中国居民健康素养调查问卷》,结合调查对象实际和课题研究目的,加入老年人慢病相关知识,完善调查问卷,调查65岁及以上常住城镇社区老年居民,描述老年人健康素养现状并对影响因素进行分析。结果老年人具备总的健康素养的比例不高,为10.6%;老年人对常见慢性疾病预防保健知识的认识不够;影响城市社区老年人健康素养水平的主要因素包括年龄、有无配偶、文化程度和收入水平,其中文化程度起主要作用;健康素养影响老年人的健康行为。结论通过社区健康干预增加老年人对健康知识的获取和积累;老年人的健康素养水平影响老年人的健康行为,提高他们的健康素养对于提升他们晚年的生活质量具有重要的意义。Objective To study the status of health literacy among urban community elderly residents, find the shortage and explore the main influencing factors in order to offer reference for government to make relevant intervention plan. Methods We referred to ＂Chinese residents＇ health literacy survey＂ which was developed by the Ministry of Health in 2008, combined with the situation of respondents and research purposes, adding the elderly chronic disease-related knowledge to improve the questionnaire, surveyed 65 years and over elderly residents of urban community. Results The ratio of health literacy among urban community elderly residents was not high （10.6%）. Knowledge about the prevention and care of common chronic diseases, which elderly residents acquired, was insufficient. Factors impacting the health literacy of elderly residents included age, spouse, educational level, income level, in which educational level played a more important role. Healthy literacy showed a moderate positive effect on preventive care utilization. Conclusion Implement community health interventions can increase elderly residents＇ knowledge about health care. Health literacy level of elderly residents affects health behaviors. Improving their level of health literacy might enhance the quality of life in their old age with significance.

关 键 词：老年人 健康素养 城市社区 影响因素 

分 类 号：R195[医药卫生—卫生统计学]