2011-2013年山东省蝇类种群结构及季节消长分析  

Analysis on population structure and seasonal fluctuation of flies in Shandong Province in 2011-2013

作　　者：赵志刚[1,2] 王学军[1,2] 霍新北[1,2] 康殿民[1] 景晓[1] 刘峰[1] 张世水[1] 曲宝泉[1] 宫学诗[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东大学预防医学研究院,山东省疾病预防控制中心,山东济南250014 [2]山东省传染病预防控制重点实验室,山东济南250014

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2014年第21期3983-3986,共4页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：山东省医药卫生科技发展计划项目(2009HW055)

摘　　要：目的了解山东省蝇类的密度、种群分布、生态习性及季节消长等变化规律,更好地控制蝇类的孳生与繁殖,为蝇类防治工作提供科学依据。方法采用笼诱法,以糖-食醋-水混合作为诱饵,4-11月调查蝇类密度和种群。结果 2011-2013年山东省共捕成蝇15 424只,其中家蝇、丝光绿蝇和大头金蝇为优势种,分别占33.85%、17.78%和10.73%;捕获蝇类的总平均密度为10.2只/(笼·d),其中:2011年密度最高为11.12只/笼,其次是2013年为11.03只/笼,2012年密度最低为8.59只/笼;蝇类总体的季节消长情况呈单峰型曲线,蝇密度高峰期在6-9月,最高峰出现在7月份;不同生态环境中蝇类密度最高的为农贸市场(14.1只/笼),其次是绿化带(10.98只/笼)、居民区(9.08只/笼),最低的为餐饮外环境(8.28只/笼)。结论山东省的蝇类在不同季节、不同生境蝇类密度及种群构成均有所不同,气温、孳生环境和防治措施为主要影响因素。在蝇类繁殖高峰前及早开展以环境治理为主、化学防治为辅的综合防治措施,有效降低蝇密度,为采取综合防制措施提供科学依据,以达到控制传染病发生与流行的目的。Objective To investigate the density and population distribution, ecological behaviour and seasonal fluctuation of flies, and to provide a scientific basis for controlling flies＇ breeding measures in Shandong Province. Methods The fly density and population were investigated by cage trap method blending with sugar and vinegar as baits to capture flies from April to November. Results A total of 15 424 flies were captured in Shandong Province in 2011-2013. The top 3 dominant species were musca domestica, lucilia serieata and ehrysomyia megacephala, the percentages were 33.85%, 17.78% and 10.73% respectively. In those 3 years, the average fly density was 10.2 flies per cage. The density was the highest in 2011 which was 11.12 flies pieces per cage; The second density was 11.03 flies per cage in 2013; The lowest density was 8.59 flies per cage in 2012. The overall seasonal prevalence in last 3 years was a single-peak curve, and the peak of flies was usually from June to September, the highest peak appeared in July. The environment with the largest density was farmers＇ market （14.1 flies per cage）, followed by green belt （10.98 flies per cage）, residential area （9.08 flies per cage）, and external environments of restaurants （8.28 flies per cage）. Conclusion The flies density and population are of difference according to the different seasons and habitats. Temperature, breeding environment, prevention and control measures are the main influencing factors. The monitor results display that it is necessary to take environmental management primarily, and chemical counter-measures as the auxiliary prevention measures before early breeding peak occurs, so aim to provide the scientific basis for synthetical fly control measures and achieve control of infectious disease and popular of fly in the future.

关 键 词：蝇种群密度 种群构成 季节消长 监测结果 

分 类 号：R195[医药卫生—卫生统计学]