抗原处理相关转运体蛋白的研究进展  

Progress on transporter associated with antigen processing protein

作　　者：杨杰[1] 董宋鹏 李子彬[2] 高凤山[1] 

机构地区：[1]大连大学生命科学与技术学院,大连116622 [2]吉林农业大学生命科学学院,长春130118

出　　处：《生命科学》2014年第10期1018-1025,共8页Chinese Bulletin of Life Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31172304)

摘　　要：抗原处理相关转运体(transporter associated with antigen processing,TAP)蛋白在抗原提呈途径中发挥重要作用,它负责将内源性抗原从胞浆运送到内质网(endoplasmic reticulum,ER),以便主要组织相容性复合体(major histocompatibility complex,MHC)I结合多肽。TAP属于ATP结合盒(ATP-binding cassette,ABC)转运蛋白超家族B族,是由TAP1和TAP2两个亚基构成的异二聚体蛋白,其每个亚基各含有一个亲水的核酸结合区和一个疏水的跨膜结构域,并具有促进肽段转运的结构域。TAP参与MHC I类分子的组装,并在人获得性免疫系统中起着至关重要的作用。TAP基因具有多态性,因而增加了个体对疾病的易感性。TAP基因的突变及其调节机制的缺陷都可以导致其活性和表达下调,从而影响病毒性感染和肿瘤等疾病的发生。Transporter associated with antigen processing （TAP） protein plays a crucial role in antigen presenting pathway by transporting endogenous antigens from the cytoplasm to the endoplasmic reticulum, so that the major histocompatibility complex （MHC） class I molecules can bind the endogenous peptides. TAP is one of the B superfamily members in the ATP-binding cassette （ABC）, and it is a heterodimer formed by the association of two half-transporters, TAP1 and TAP2, and each of them consists of a hydrophilic nucleotide binding domain and a hydrophobic transmembrane domain, in which there are specific structural domains in favor of transporting peptides. TAP molecules participate in the assembly of MHC class I molecules, therefore they play vital roles in the acquired immune system. Since the TAP genes are polymorphic, they will increase the susceptibility to disease for individuals. The mutation or defect of TAP genes in regulatory mechanisms can lead to their reduced activity and low expression, and eventually affect the incidence of diseases, such as viral infection and tumor.

关 键 词：TAP 抗原提呈 多态性 转运 

分 类 号：Q352[生物学—遗传学] R392.11[医药卫生—免疫学]