天津地铁空间行为探究  

Research on Space Behavior of Tianjin Subway

作　　者：杨艳红[1] 应旻宸 

机构地区：[1]天津城建大学建筑学院,天津300384 [2]温岭市铁路新区管理委员会,浙江台州317500

出　　处：《都市快轨交通》2014年第5期43-47,共5页Urban Rapid Rail Transit

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目资助(12YJCZH249);天津市自然科学基金项目(12JCYBJC14400)

摘　　要：以天津地铁空间为例,基于格式塔心理学的视觉组织规律理论,同时依据现行地下空间设计相关标准,研究不同环境感受下人的空间行为。以地铁出入口、中间休憩服务区和商业区为研究"点",以地铁通道空间为研究"线",对不同环境下"点"、"线"上的人进行视觉环境应激研究。通过对不同年龄段人群的行为观察、问询及问卷调查分析,根据地铁节点空间和线性空间中主要环境因子引起的行为习性和适应水平,研究不同时段人流对于点、线空间的满意度。结果显示:地铁空间行为在空间秩序上呈现为"点"空间集聚、"线"空间流动的规律;人群流动以目的移动、任意移动及停留为特点;人群分布以目的性的集中线性分布与少数任意分布为主;地铁空间行为根据不同空间环境的视觉认知,存在压抑、亲切、不亲切的对应状态。地铁空间设计需从整体上把握地铁环境刺激的数量及强度值,掌握人感觉刺激的最佳适应水平。Taking Tianjin subway space as an example, people＇ s space behavior in different surroundings was studied based on the rules of visual organization in the Gestalt Psychology and the existing subway space design standards, and suggestions on the lighting, color, scale awareness design of subway space were then given as well. Subway entrance, recreation service area in the middle and the business district were taken as the＂ research spot＂ and the subway aisle space as the ＂research line＂. Afterwards, a study on the stress of visual environment reflected from the ＂research spot＂ and ＂research line＂ under distinct environment is implemented. Through an analysis on the behavior observation, enquiry and questionnaire on different ages of people, and in the light of the distinguishing behavior habit and level of adaptation aroused by the primary environment factor in the subway node space and linear space, the satisfaction level of the public towards the spot space as well as the linear space during different period of time is investigated. This research shows that the subway spatial behavior tends to gather in spot space and the spatial flow appears by a linear rule; while the crowd flow is featured with purposeful movement, random movement and settlement. Distribution of the crowd is presented by linear distribution of purpose centralization and minority random distribution. According to the visual cognition of different space environment, the corresponding states of subway spatial behavior exist with repression, kindness and unldndness. The design of subway space should be in accordance with the overall quantity and value of subway environment stimulation and the best adaptive level for human to feel stimulation.

关 键 词：城市轨道交通 格式塔心理学 视觉组织规律 视觉机能 环境应激 空间行为 天津 

分 类 号：U231.4[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]