自走式牧草青贮联合装袋机设计与试验  

Design and experiment of self-propelled grass silage combined bagging machine

作　　者：万其号[1,2] 王德成[1] 王光辉[1] 宫泽奇 白阳[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学工学院,北京100083 [2]中国农业科学院草原研究所农业部草地资源与生态重点实验室,呼和浩特010010

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2014年第19期30-37,共8页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费资助(201203024)

摘　　要：针对目前中国牧草收贮设备不能将盛产期的牧草切割后直接装袋而造成的运输成本高、工序多、营养损失大等问题，提出了将牧草在田间进行收割、粉碎、装袋、扎口联合作业的青贮保存方法，并设计了一种自走式牧草青贮联合装袋机。该文描述了机器的总体设计方案，并对输送粉碎装置、牧草粉碎后螺旋挤压等装置进行了设计，确定了其关键参数值。该研究进行了含水率为78%的牧草试验，机器前进的平均速度为2.3m/s、割茬高度为5～15mm，螺旋压缩比为2：1，临界旋转速度为99r/min，样机能够顺利工作，装袋的密度能达到320kg/m3，装袋平均时间为30s每袋。机型的设计不仅能够提高劳动生产率，方便取饲喂养，而且为青贮牧草的收获存储提供了新的方法。Silaging nutrient-rich phase grass with bags in the field can reduce nutrient loss, maintain green feed nutrients, and facilitate long-term preservation; thus promotes the growth of good livestock. To facilitate direct storage of forage harvested in the field, one self-propelled grass silage combined bagging machine was developed.. It integrated the cutting device, a conveyor feeding device, a crushing and throwing device, vertical auger conveyor equipment, grass bagging density control device. And their key device parameters were calculated. The self-propelled grass silage combined bagging machine used disc cutter to cut grass, the blade root diameter and top diameter were 500 and 620 mm, and the critical forward speed of the machine was 17.9 km/h so that leakage could be prevented and repeat cutting could be reduced. The designed grinding hob diameter and the width were 550 and 480 mm. it’s rated rotating speed was 1600 r/min and the linear velocity of the feed roller was from 2.1-17.1 m/s when the length of the cutting grass was 5-40 mm. The diameters of the front and intermediate feed roller were 300 and 260 mm, and the calculated rear feeding roller diameter was 90 mm. In order to minimize forage accumulation, the designed throwing roller diameter was 300 mm, the width was 510 mm, the angular velocity was 2 600 r/min, the leaf number was 4, and the angle of thrown pieces of angle was 20°. The displacement and velocity equations at any moment from the start. Grass compressed by screw auger before output from the silo. The compression ratio of the screw mechanism can be adjusted for achieving the desired output squeeze effect. The three different of compression ratio screw auger were designed for different types of forage, and spirals can be changed by the exchange of connecting flange. According to squeeze theory, the designed spiral inner diameter was 100 mm and screw conveyor segment pitch was 345 mm at the beginning of variable pitch segments, meanwhile the surface of screw extruder was polished and lon

关 键 词：农业机械 设计 收获 青贮 装袋 圆盘切割 滚筒粉碎 螺旋挤压 

分 类 号：S225.8[农业科学—农业机械化工程]