海上钻井平台井喷事故人因失误分析  

Human Error Analysis in Offshore Drilling Platform Blowout

作　　者：蒋攀[1] 张龙梅[1] 鲁顺清[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学(武汉)工程学院,武汉430074

出　　处：《工业安全与环保》2014年第10期89-92,共4页Industrial Safety and Environmental Protection

摘　　要：井喷是海上钻井平台的重要威胁,而人因失误又是造成井喷的主要原因,所以对井喷事故人因失误分析对指导海上钻井安全有重要意义。本文建立了井喷事故人因失误类故障树模型,并对此进行定量分析。根据井喷事故的4个指标并结合风险图得到降低风险所需的置信水平,然后使用训练屏障和GPS定位屏障将风险降低到可接受水平。最后通过蝴蝶结模型将安全屏障对风险的影响清楚的展示出来,为人因失误的预防和控制提供指导。Blowout is an important threat for offshore drilling platform and human error is the main reason for blowout accident,so blowout human error analysis plays an important role in guiding the offshore drilling safety operation. In this paper the pseudo- failure tree model is set up and the quantitative analysis is also conducted. Based on the four indexes of blowout and risk graph,the level of confidence needed in risk reduction has been achieved and then the risk is reduced to an acceptable level by using training barriers and GPS locator barrier. At last the bow- tie model is used to indicate clearly the effects of the safety barriers on risks,providing directions for the prevention and control of human error.

关 键 词：海上井喷事故 人因失误 风险分析 安全屏障 风险降低 

分 类 号：TE58[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程] X928[环境科学与工程—安全科学]