我国9地区儿童钙及维生素D补充情况及影响因素调查  

Investigation on the influencing factors of calcium and vitamin D supplementations in children from 9 areas of China

作　　者：宁可[1] 王金子[1] 王欢[1] 郑迎东[1] 王培玉[1] 张玉梅[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学公共卫生学院,北京100191

出　　处：《中国妇幼保健》2014年第32期5289-5293,共5页Maternal and Child Health Care of China

摘　　要：目的：探讨我国9地区3~12岁儿童钙及VD补充其可能的影响因素及其与膳食中钙摄入关系的分析。方法：采用多阶段整群抽样法随机选取9个地区共1 806名儿童,通过问卷调查6个月内补充剂使用情况、人口学等相关信息及半定量FFQ膳食调查;采用SPSS 13.0分析,描述不同分组下补充剂使用情况,利用因子分析提取膳食钙摄入信息,并运用卡方、多因素Logistic回归进行相关分析。结果：3~12岁儿童钙补充率为27.5%,VD补充率为16.6%,钙及VD同时补充率为13.9%。年龄越小、所在地区经济越发达、经常在家吃早餐、每天运动超过1h、父母越认为孩子瘦且饮食营养不均衡、家庭受教育程度越高等钙补充率就越高。结论：调查的3~12岁儿童的年龄、地区、在家吃早餐情况、运动情况、父母对孩子体重及饮食营养认知、家庭受教育程度是儿童钙、VD补充的显著影响因素。Objective： To explore the probable influencing factors of calcium and vitamin D supplementations in 3 - 12 - year - old children from 9 areas of China and the relationship with dietary calcium intake. Methods： Multi - stage cluster sampling method was used to randomly select 1 806 children from 9 areas, a questionnaire was applied to survey supplementations of calcium and vitamin D within 6 months and related demographic information, semi- quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire （FFQ） was performed; SPSS 13.0 software was used to analyze the data, the supplementation situations in different groups were described, factor analysis was used to abstract dietary calcium intake, chi -square test and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used in the study. Results： The supplementation rates of calcium and vitamin D in 3 - 12 - year - old children were 27.5% and 16. 6% , respectively; the joint supplementation rate of calcium and vitamin D was 13.9%. Younger age, economic development, having breakfast at home frequently and exercising over one hour a day, parent.s＇eognition of lower body weight and inappropriate nutrition intake, higher family educational level were correlated with high supplementation rates of calcium and vitamin D. Conclusion ： The significant influencing factors of supplementations of calcium and vitamin D in 3 - 12 -year- old children include age, area, having breakfast at home, exercising, parents＇ cognition of children＇s weight and nutritional status, family educational level.

关 键 词：儿童 钙 维生素D 影响因素 

分 类 号：R174[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]