轻壤土散乱锥状堆置体侵蚀产沙规律研究  

Study on Sediment Erosion Law of Conical Scattered Spoilbank of Light Loam

作　　者：丁亚东[1] 谢永生[1,2] 景民晓[2] 田飞[2] 王雪松[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所,陕西杨凌712100 [2]西北农林科技大学资源环境学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2014年第5期31-36,共6页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：水利部公益性行业科研专项"工程开挖面与堆积体水土流失测算技术研究"(201201048);"风力作用下扰动地表侵蚀预报关键技术研究"项目(201201047);国家科技支撑计划项目"农田水土保持工程与耕作关键技术研究"(2011BAD31B01)

摘　　要：采用人工模拟降雨的方法,研究轻壤土散乱锥状堆置体在不同土石比和不同雨强条件下堆置体的侵蚀速率、产沙量、径流量的变化。结果表明:相同雨强条件下,土石比越大,产流时间越长;产流时间与降雨雨强呈负幂函数关系;相同土石比条件下,雨强从1.0mm/min增大至2.5mm/min时,总体趋势为随雨强的增大,侵蚀速率增大;在研究的4种土石比范围内,弃土堆置体总侵蚀产沙量随雨强的增大呈指数变化趋势,其相关关系显著。单位时间径流量的变化基本保持平稳状态,并在小范围内上下波动。Artificial simulation of rainfall was used in this paper to discuss the variability of erosion sediment and transport rate sediment production and runoff rate of conical scattered spoilbank of light loam under the condition of different soil-rock ratio and rainfall intensity.Results indicated that runoff generation time had a negative exponent relationship with rainfall intensity at the same soil-rock ratio condition and much time consumed when the soil-rock ratio was larger.Moreover,when the soil-rock ratio was constant,erosion sediment and transport rate increased along with the mounting rainfall from 1.0mm/min to 2.5mm/min.Also,erosion sediment production of the spoilbank varied with a significantly exponential trend with increasing rainfall within the four soil-rock ratio ranges.Finally,the runoff varied stably generally and fluctuated within a small extent.

关 键 词：轻壤土 散乱锥状堆置体 侵蚀 模拟降雨 

分 类 号：S157.1[农业科学—土壤学]