大兴安岭北部白桦次生林降雨再分配金属元素季节动态研究  

Study on Seasonal Dynamics of Rainfall Redistribution Metal Elements of Betula platyphylla Secondary Forests in North of Greater Xing'an Mountains

作　　者：刘茜[1] 满秀玲[1] 田野宏[1] 李奕[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学林学院,哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2014年第5期119-123,133,共6页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目"大兴安岭森林流域水文过程对植被和气候变化的响应"(31170420)

摘　　要：通过对大兴安岭北部白桦次生林林外降雨、穿透雨、树干茎流和枯透水进行野外观测、取样及室内金属元素火焰原子吸收法测定,研究白桦次生林降雨再分配中金属元素季节动态。结果表明：林外雨中,Ca2＋浓度最高,最高值为54.670mg/L,Mg2＋含量相对最稳定,在0.316~1.003mg/L间波动。而微量元素浓度均很低,且季节变化幅度很大。穿透雨中,Ca2＋浓度最高,变幅也较大,最高、最低相差14.00倍,Mg2＋含量变化幅度最小,稳定在0.336~1.599mg/L之间,波动最大为Mn,最高、最低值相差近160.14倍。树干茎流中Ca2＋浓度普遍高于其他元素,且含量也最为稳定,K＋、Na＋、Mg2＋、Zn2＋、Fe变化较小,变化最大的是Cu2＋。枯透水中变化最大为Cu2＋,大量元素波动性都很小,其中Mg2＋浓度波动性最大,最高、最低也仅相差6.93倍,而Ca2＋浓度最高,也最稳定,Na＋浓度几乎是大量元素中浓度最低的,最高浓度仅有3.655mg/L。林外雨金属元素总输入量为87.275kg/hm2,白桦次生林净输入总量为40.526kg/hm2,各金属元素净输入量排序为Ca2＋〉K＋〉Mg2＋〉Fe〉Mn〉Zn2＋〉Cu2＋〉Na＋。其中Na＋及Cu2＋为负淋溶,其他金属元素均为正淋溶。The precipitation,throughfall,stem flow and litter water of Betula platyphllasecondary forest in north of greater Xing’an mountains were observed and sampled and then measured the metal elements by flame atomic absorption method in them,in order to study the metal elements seasonal dynamics.The results showed that：In precipitation the concentration of Ca2＋was the highest,the highest value was 54.67mg/L,Mg2＋content was the most stable,fluctuated between 0.316~1.003 mg/L.The trace element content was very low,and changed greatly.In throughfall Ca2＋was the highest content,and changed greatly,the maximum was 15 times more than the minimum.The change of Mg2＋was the smallest,the value fluctuated between 0.336~1.599mg/L.The change of Mn was the biggest,the highest value was 162 times more than the lowest.Ca2＋content of stem flow was generally higher and more stable than others.K＋,Na＋,Mg2＋,Zn2＋and Fe changed little,Cu2＋changed the biggest,the same as litter water.Macro elements were smaller change,and Mg2＋changed biggest,the maximum was 7.9times more than the minimum.The most stable was Ca2＋,and Na＋was almost the lowest,the highest value was only 3.655mg/L.The whole input of precipitation was 87.275kg/hm2,and the net input was 40.526kg/hm2.The metal elements were arranged as Ca2＋〉K＋〉Mg2＋〉Fe〉Mn〉Zn2＋〉Cu2＋〉Na＋.Na＋and Cu2＋were negative leaching,the others were positively leaching.

关 键 词：白桦次生林 降雨再分配 金属元素 季节动态 输入量 

分 类 号：S715.2[农业科学—林学]