大兴安岭地区天然樟子松林降雪截留及积雪特征  

Characteristics of the Snow Interception and the Snowpack in Scotch Pine Forest in Great Xing'an Mountains

作　　者：李奕[1] 蔡体久[1] 盛后财[1] 俞正祥[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学林学院,哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2014年第5期124-128,共5页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目"大兴安岭森林积雪特征及融雪径流模拟"(31370460);东北林业大学学术名师支持计划项目

摘　　要：为研究大兴安岭地区不同林分组成天然樟子松林降雪截留及积雪特征,选择黑龙江漠河森林生态系统定位站研究区内3种不同林分组成类型樟子松林为研究对象,对其降雪截留、积雪厚度、雪水当量及雪密度进行测量。通过对14场降雪的观测分析,结果表明：在整个观测期内,类型Ⅰ的林冠截雪量最大,其值为16.4mm,占同期降雪量的23.66%。不同林分组成类型对林内积雪厚度和雪水当量均有显著影响（P〈0.05）,其中类型Ⅲ内积雪厚度和雪水当量最高,分别达到37.00cm和79.3mm。在3种林分组成类型樟子松林中,积雪雪水当量和雪密度均表现为10-20cm〉20-30cm〉0-10cm。不同林分组成类型樟子松林对林内积雪雪水当量有影响,但对雪密度无显著影响（P〉0.05）,其积雪雪密度范围在0.217~0.226g/cm3之间。相比于林外空地积雪的保存率（36.04%）来看,类型Ⅲ的保存效率最高,达到57.99%,类型Ⅱ次之,为53.86%;类型Ⅰ最低,仅为50.92%。由此可见,森林具有保存积雪的效应。For the research of the characteristics of the snow interception and the snowpack,three different composition types of scotch pine forest in great xing’an mountains in the forest ecosystem research station of Mohe,Heilongjiang province were chosen.The snow interception,snow depth,snow water equivalent,and the snow density were measured.Through the analysis of 14 snowfalls,the results showed that：During the observation period,the canopy snow interception of typeⅢ was the highest as 16.4mm,which accounted for23.66%of the atmospheric snowfall.The composition of the scotch pine forest had significant effect to snow depth and snow water equivalent.The snowpack depth and snow water equivalent in the typeⅢ were the highest.The values were 37.00 cm and 79.3mm respectively.The snow water equivalent and snow density had the same trend as：10-20 cm 〉20-30 cm 〉0-10 cm.The composition of the scotch pine forest had influence to the snow water equivalent,but had no significant effect on the snow density（P〉0.05）.The value of the snowpack density was ranged 0.217g/cm3 to 0.226g/cm3.Compared to the value of the preservation outside the forest was 36.04%,the preservation of typeⅢ was highest as 57.99%,the typeⅡ was lower as53.86%,the typeⅠ was the lowest as 50.92%.Thus,the forest had the function of preserving snow.

关 键 词：大兴安岭 樟子松 降雪截留 积雪 

分 类 号：S715.2[农业科学—林学]