陕西略阳某铁矿尾矿库区重金属剖面分布特征  

Profile Distribution Characteristics of Heavy Metals of Iron Tailings Wasteland in Lüeyang,Shaanxi

作　　者：宋凤敏[1,2] 张兴昌[3,4] 李琛[2] 汤波[2] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学资源环境学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]陕西理工学院化学与环境科学学院,陕西汉中723001 [3]西北农林科技大学水土保持研究所,陕西杨凌712100 [4]中科院水利部水土保持研究所,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2014年第5期264-269,共6页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：中国科学院西部行动计划项目"晋陕蒙能源基地受损生态系统恢复重建关键技术与示范"(KZCX2-XB3-13);陕西理工学院科研项目(slgky13-35;4250654)

摘　　要：对陕西略阳某铁矿尾矿剖面0-200cm,以10cm间隔进行分层取样,并采用pH计法测定剖面各层样品的pH,采用BCR提取方法,等离子发射光谱仪（ICP-AES）测定重金属Fe、Mn、V、Cu、Ni全量及各种赋存形态的含量。结果表明：各层尾矿的pH为7.89~8.55,并随剖面深度的增加而升高,但是整个剖面pH变化不大,且处于弱碱性。重金属Fe、Mn、V、Cu、Ni的全量差别较大,但随剖面深度增加其全量变化趋势相似,其中5种金属含量最低峰值都出现在180cm剖面点处,Fe、Mn含量最大值在150cm剖面点处,V、Cu、Ni在整个剖面的最高峰值出现在10cm处,这3种金属全量随剖面深度增加而下降。5种金属在整个剖面的平均含量均超出当地土壤该种元素在土壤A层的背景值,为尾矿污染元素。形态分析中,Fe、V元素在整个剖面中以残渣态为主,Mn以可交换态及碳酸盐结合态为主,Cu和Ni以有机质及硫化物结合态和残渣态为主。5种金属潜在迁移能力顺序为Mn〉Cu〉Ni〉V〉Fe,其中Mn和Cu对环境当地环境影响最大。The samples were taken at each layer at 10 cm interval in the profile of 0-200 cm depth at the iron tailings wasteland in Lüeyang,Shaanxi.The pH values of the samples were determined by pH meter,and used the BCR extraction method,the total amount and the content of various forms of the heavy metals of Fe,Mn,V,Cu,Ni were determined by ICP-AES.Results showed that：The pH values of the tailings were between 7.89 and 8.55,which rose with increase of soil depth,but the pH value change was small and the pH value was weak alkali in the whole profiles.The quantitative difference of the full amount of Fe,Mn,Cu,Ni,V was big,but their change trend with the increase of depth profile was similar,the minimum values of the five heavy metals all appeared at 180 cm profile,the maximum values of Fe and Mn appeared at the 150 cm profile,and the highest peak of the values of V,Cu and Ni appeared at 10 cm profile,on the whole,the full amount changing of the three kinds of metal declined with depth profile.The average contents of five kinds of metal in the whole section were all beyond the local soil the elements in A layer of soil background values,they were all pollution elements in the tailings.In the morphological analysis,the existence of Fe and V was mainly in residual fraction in the whole section,the Mn content primarily existed in exchangeable and carbonate combination state,the Cu and Ni were mostly in residual fraction and organic forms.The order of potential transfer ability of the five kinds of heavy metals was Mn〉Cu〉Ni〉V 〉Fe,the impact on the local environment of Mn and Cu was the most important.

关 键 词：铁尾矿 PH 重金属全量 赋存形态 

分 类 号：X502[环境科学与工程—环境工程] S151.93[农业科学—土壤学]