新生儿ABO血型正反定型及其交叉配血实验结果分析  

Analysis on results of neonatal ABO blood group reciprocal stereotypy and crossmatching test

作　　者：雷丽明[1] 王华[1] 彭兰[1] 

机构地区：[1]泸州医学院附院输血科,四川泸州646000

出　　处：《国际检验医学杂志》2014年第20期2751-2753,共3页International Journal of Laboratory Medicine

摘　　要：目的分析新生儿ABO血型正反定型的符合情况及与异型血交叉配血的试验结果,探讨交叉配血试验在婴幼儿输血时的局限性及保证新生儿安全输血的有效措施。方法对1 095例新生儿血液标本用微柱凝胶卡进行ABO血型鉴定,并与异型血做交叉配血试验。结果 1 095例新生儿标本中,弱A、弱B抗原检出率分别为3.99%、17.93%,以弱B抗原为主;血型抗体阴性率抗-A为53.72%,抗-B为60.70%;与异型血做交叉配血时,主侧未出现预期凝集者占52.87%,弱凝集占33.27%,次侧弱凝集占9.49%。结论新生儿ABO抗原抗体成熟度及正反定型符合率均不及成人,依据交叉配血试验结果进行输血有一定局限性,应高度重视新生儿ABO血型的正确性,明确新生儿个体输血策略,以免给新生儿误输ABO异型血造成溶血性输血反应,保证其输血安全。Objective To analyze the coincidence situation of the results of neonatal ABO blood group reciprocal stereotypy with crossmatching test of allotype blood and to investigating the limitations of cross-matching test in infant blood transfusion and effec-tive measures for ensuring the neonatal safe blood transfusion.Methods The micro-column gel test was adopted to identify the ABO blood group and conduct the crosshatching test of allotype blood in 1 095 cases of neonatal blood samples.Results Among the 1 095 samples,the detected rates of weak A and weak B antigen were 3.99% and 17.93% respectively,and the weak B antigen was predominant.The negative rates of anti-A and anti-B antibody were 53.72% and 60.70% respectively;in the cross-matching test with allotype blood,the main side without appearing agglutination accounted for 52.87% and weak agglutination accounted for 33.27%,and the secondary side appearing weak agglutination accounted for 9.49%.Conclusion The maturity of antibody and an-tigen and the coincidence rates of group typing and reciprocal stereotypy in the newborns are less than those in the adults;so blood transfusion according to the cross-matching test results has certain limitation;high attention should be paid to the accuracy of neo-natal ABO blood type,the individual blood transfusion strategy in the newborn should be determined in order to avoid hemolytic blood transfusion reaction caused by ABO allotype blood transfusion and ensure the blood transfusion safety in newborns.

关 键 词：新生儿 ABO血型 异型血 交叉配血 

分 类 号：R446.6[医药卫生—诊断学]