广东韶关地区大气氮干湿沉降特征研究  

Dry and Wet Atmospheric Deposition of Nitrogen into Shaoguan, Guangdong Province

作　　者：刘思言[1] 陈瑾[1] 卢平[1] 李来胜[1] 陈中颖[2] 

机构地区：[1]华南师范大学化学与环境学院,广东广州510655 [2]环境保护部华南环境科学研究所,广东广州510655

出　　处：《生态环境学报》2014年第9期1445-1450,共6页Ecology and Environmental Sciences

基　　金：国家环保公益性行业科研专项(201109008)

摘　　要：2012年4月─2013年9月利用自动分离干湿沉降的采样器对广东省韶关市降雨和干沉降进行采集,分析样品降雨量、降尘量及氮营养盐干湿沉降浓度,计算各指标干湿沉降通量,利用沉降通量分析其影响因素及季节性变化趋势,为该地区大气氮沉降的通量预测及其环境管理提供支持,并为其生态环境中污染物的控制与减排提供科学依据。结果表明,观测期间总氮干沉降通量、湿沉降通量和总沉降通量平均值分别为47.73、295.7和310.5 kg·km-2·month-1。氨态氮、硝酸盐氮与有机氮干沉降通量平均值分别为17.39、12.98和17.37 kg·km-2·month-1,其湿沉降通量平均值分别为132.4、117.0和46.23kg·km-2·month-1。总氮湿沉降通量占总氮总沉降通量平均比例为83.19%,说明总氮沉降通量以湿沉降为主。影响因素方面,总氮干沉降通量与降尘量无相关性;湿沉降受降雨量影响较大,所以受雨季影响,韶关地区4─6月总氮湿沉降负荷较大。成分组成上,干沉降中氨态氮平均占总氮比例35.48%,硝酸盐氮平均占27.96%,有机氮平均占36.55%,因此该地区氮营养盐干沉降中以氨态氮和有机氮为主;氮营养盐湿沉降以氨态氮和硝酸盐氮为主,氨态氮平均占总氮比例46.87%,硝酸盐氮平均占40.64%,有机氮平均比例为12.49%,说明该地区湿沉降同时受到农业活动和工业活动的影响。季节变化上,氮营养盐干沉降通量由大到小依次为冬季、春季、秋季、夏季,湿沉降通量春季较高,夏秋两季较低。To help predicate the atmospheric nitrogen deposition fluxes and provide scientific basises for ecological environment pollution control and abatement assist environmental, the characteristics of atmospheric nitrogen deposition in Shaoguan, Guangdong Province were investigated. In the study, the dry and wet atmospheric nitrogen deposition samples were collected by an automatic sampler from April 2012 to September 2013, and the amounts of rainfall, dust deposition, and wet and dry atmospheric nitrogen deposition were measured, followed by the calculation of the deposition fluxes of each indicator. Based on the results, the influencing factors and the seasonal change tendencies of the deposition indicators were analyzed. The results show that the average wet, dry and bulk deposition fluxes of nitrogen were 47.73 kg·km-2·month-1, 295.7 kg·km-2·month-1 and 310.5 kg·km-2·month-1, respectively. The average ammonium nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, and organic nitrogen dry deposition fluxes were 17.39 kg·km-2·month-1, 12.98 kg·km-2·month-1 and 17.37kg·km-2·month-1,respectively, and their corresponding average wet deposition fluxes were 132.4 kg·km-2·month-1, 117.0 kg·km-2·month-1 and 46.23 kg·km-2·month-1, respectively. The wet nitrogen flux accounted for 83.19%of the total nitrogen flux, showing that wet deposition contributes mainly to the bulk nitrogen deposition. In addition, the total dry nitrogen deposition flux had no correlation with the amount of dust deposition, but the wet deposition flux was greatly influenced by the amount of rainfall, as evidenced by a large load of wet nitrogen deposition of nitrogen from April to June, the rainy season in Shaoguan. Furthermore, ammonium nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, and organic nitrogen accounted for 35.48%, 27.96%and 36.55%of the dry total nitrogen, respectively, indicating that ammonium nitrogen and organic nitrogen were the main contributors to the dry nitrogen deposition. On the other hand, ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen were the main contributors

关 键 词：大气氮沉降 干沉降 湿沉降 韶关 

分 类 号：X51[环境科学与工程—环境工程]