PPTA烷基化改性研究  

Research of PPTA alkylation modification

作　　者：孔海娟[1] 刘静[1] 滕翠青[1] 张蕊[1] 余木火[1] 叶盛[2] 

机构地区：[1]东华大学材料科学与工程学院纤维材料改性国家重点实验室,上海201620 [2]河北硅谷化工有限公司,河北邯郸057150

出　　处：《合成纤维工业》2014年第5期23-26,共4页China Synthetic Fiber Industry

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)项目(2011CB606101)

摘　　要：通过对聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺（PPTA）烷基化改性以改善PPTA的溶解性,研究了影响PPTA烷基化反应的因素对烷基化PPTA的取代度和溶解性能的影响。结果表明：氢化钾（KH）和氢化钠（NaH）作为金属离子化试剂,其中KH离子化条件较温和,反应相对完全,离子化程度较好;PPTA树脂的相对分子质量对其烷基化改性影响不大,实验中选取的比浓对数黏度（ηinh）为4.6~9.0 dL/g的PPTA均可进行烷基化;烷基化取代试剂为溴代烷烃,随着溴代烷烃中碳原子数的增加,取代度相对降低,但溶解性相当;适宜的PPTA烷基化改性条件为PPTA的ηinh4.6~9.0 dL/g,PPTA的二甲基亚砜溶液质量分数1.3%,N—H基团/KH/BrC4H9的摩尔比1∶1∶1,离子化反应温度40℃,离子化时间4 h,取代反应温度30℃,取代反应时间17 h,所得烷基化改性的PPTA取代度达99.5%,在1 mL的氯仿或四氢呋喃的溶剂中的溶解度大于20 mg。Poly（ p -phenyleneterephthalamide） （PPTA） was exposed to the alkylation modification in order to improve the solubility. The effects of PPTA alkylation reaction on the degree of substitution and solubility of alkylated PPTA were studied. The results showed that as compared with sodium hydride（ Nail）, potassium hydride（KH） as an ionization reagent led to more moderate and complete ionization reaction and yielded higher ionization degree ; the relative molecular weight of PPTA did not have a great effect on the alkylation of PPTA ; PPTA with the reduced inherent viscosity （ ηinh ） of 4.6 - 9.0 dL/g can be applied in the alkylation experiments ; brominated alkanes were used as the substitution reagent for alkylation; the degree of substitution dropped and the solubility did not change much while increasing the number of carbon atom in brominated alkanes ; the degree of substitu- tion of the alkylated PPTA could be 99.5% and the solubility higher than 20 mg in 1 mL chloroform or tetrahydrofuran solvent when the alkylation modification conditions were as followed： ηinh of PPTA 4.6 -9.0 dL/g, 1.3% PPTA in dimethyl sulfoxide solution by mass fraction, N--H group/KH/BrC4H9 mole ratio 1 ： 1 ： 1, ionization temperature 40 ℃ and time 4 h, substitution reaction temperature 30 ℃ and time 17 h.

关 键 词：聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺 溴代烷烃 溶解性能 烷基化 金属离子化 取代度 相对分子质量 

分 类 号：TQ342.722[化学工程—化纤工业]