中小流域山洪危险性区划  

Zoning of Mountain Torrent Hazards in Medium-Small River Basins

作　　者：陆桂华[1,2] 钟凌[1,2] 吴志勇[1,2] 何海[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]河海大学水文水资源学院,江苏南京210098 [2]河海大学水问题研究所,江苏南京210098

出　　处：《地球科学（中国地质大学学报）》2014年第10期1438-1444,共7页Earth Science-Journal of China University of Geosciences

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展规划项目(No.2010CB428405);水利部公益性行业科研专项经费项目(Nos.201301040;201301070);青蓝工程和新世纪优秀人才支持计划资助

摘　　要：山洪危险性区域划分是一种行之有效的防洪减灾非工程措施,是防洪减灾体系中的重要组成部分.利用GIS技术和模糊数学方法建立山洪危险性评价模型;从山洪危险性定义出发,利用正交设计方法,考察降雨量和单位面积汇流时间等对山洪影响的敏感性,确定了合理的山洪危险性评价指标体系并结合层次分析法确定了评价指标权重.选择淮河上游息县流域进行了实证应用分析,对研究区域山洪危险性空间分布进行划分.研究结果表明:单位面积汇流时间短、地势起伏较大的地区是山洪危险性较大的区域,需要加强防治.As one of the effective non-engineering measurements,zoning of mountain torrent hazards is an important part of flood prevention and disaster mitigation system.A torrent hazard evaluation model is built by using GIS spatial analysis and modeling techniques and fuzzy mathematics method in this paper,in which the evaluation index weight is determined with analytic hierarchy process according to the results of orthogonal analysis.In addition,seven factors are chosen as the new evaluation index system to evaluate the torrent hazards,combined with the definition of mountain torrent hazard and the analysis of factors causing mountain torrent disaster,with the application of orthogonal design method,and the observed influence degree of rainfall and conflux time on mountain torrent.The areas of the upper reach of the Huaihe River were chosen as the case study area of mountain torrent hazards zonation.The results show that areas with the shortest confluence time and the largest hypsographic feature are the most dangerous areas.

关 键 词：洪水灾害 评价模型 危险性分析 正交设计 水文地质 

分 类 号：P343[天文地球—水文科学]