大深度潜水器海水液压浮力调节技术研究进展  

Seawater Hydraulic Buoyancy Adjusting System for Large-depth Submersible

作　　者：刘银水[1,2] 吴德发[1,2] 李东林[1,2] 赵旭峰[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学机械科学与工程学院流体动力控制工程系,湖北武汉430074 [2]华中科技大学数字制造装备与技术国家重点实验室,湖北武汉430074

出　　处：《液压与气动》2014年第10期1-10,共10页Chinese Hydraulics & Pneumatics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(50975101);国家高技术研究发展专项经费资助项目(2009AA090100);新世纪优秀人才支持计划(NCET-13-0231)资助

摘　　要：海水液压技术由于其与海洋环境相容,具有海深压力自动补偿功能、运行成本低、工作介质易处理、难燃、系统组成简单、清洁等优点,已在国内外的深海装备中得到了成功应用。采用海水液压浮力调节系统替代油压和气压浮力调节系统,具有结构简单、性能可靠等优点,是目前大深度潜水器采用的主要形式。介绍了海水液压浮力调节的国内外简况,分析了深海环境对元件性能产生的影响,包括海深压力和温度对介质特性的影响,海水介质的颗粒污染、海深压力对摩擦副的影响等;从新结构、新材料、新工艺等方面提出了相应的解决措施。最后,重点介绍了我国在海水液压浮力调节技术研究方面的进展。Seawater hydraulics is successfully used in deep-sea equipments because of its environmental friendliness and cleanliness, seawater pressure automatic compensation, low operating cost, easy disposal of working media, simpleness of system composition. The seawater hydraulic buoyancy adjusting system is a promising substitute for oil hydraulic and pneumatic ones because of many advantages, such as simple mechanism and high-reliability, and is most often used in large-depth submersibles. The development situation of seawater hydraulic buoyancy adjusting system at home and abroad is briefly introduced. Then the effects of deep sea environment on seawater hydraulic components, such as the seawater pressure and the temperature on the working media, particles suspended in the seawater and the seawater pressure on the friction pair are analyzed. Meanwhile, the solutions based on new structures, new materials and new procedures are further proposed. At last, the research and development status of seawater hydraulic buoyancy adjusting system in China is introduced.

关 键 词：大深度潜水器 海水液压传动 浮力调节系统 海水泵 

分 类 号：TH137[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]