评福利平等  

A Critique of Welfare Equality

作　　者：姚大志[1] 

机构地区：[1]吉林大学哲学基础理论研究中心暨哲学社会学院

出　　处：《社会科学》2014年第9期129-135,共7页Journal of Social Sciences

基　　金：教育部重点研究基地重大项目"分配正义研究"(项目编号:12JJD710011)的阶段性结果

摘　　要：在当代关于平等主义的争论中,问题的焦点集中于"什么的平等"。对此有三种基本观点,即"福利平等"、"资源平等"和"能力平等"。从某种意义上说,福利平等是最流行的平等观念,而其他的平等观念都是在批评福利平等的基础上衍生出来的。从理论上看,福利平等的观念归根结底是功利主义的。因此,我们首先简要讨论功利主义平等的一般观念,然后具体分析和批评福利平等的两种模式("总功利平等"和"边际功利平等"),最后对福利平等给予总体分析和批评。In the contemporary debate on egalitarianism, the dispute focuses on ＂equality of what＂. There are three basic conceptions on ＂equality of what＂, that are the equality of welfare, the equality of resources and the equality of capability. In some sense, the equality of welfare is the most popular conception of equality, while the rest conceptions of equality are developed from criticizing the equality of welfare, which is utilitarian in the last analysis. Firstly, we will discuss the general conception of utilitarian equality; secondly, we will analyze and criticize two modes of welfare equality （total utility equality and marginal utility equality） ; lastly, we will give a total analysis and critique to the equality of welfare.

关 键 词：平等 功利主义 福利 正义 

分 类 号：D0-02[政治法律—政治学] D081