“走廊”与“通道”:中国西南区域研究的人类学再构思  

The Concepts of “Corridor” and “Channel”: Anthropological Reconstruction of Area Studies in Southwest China

作　　者：张原[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南民族大学西南民族研究院

出　　处：《民族学刊》2014年第4期1-7,84-88,共12页Journal of Ethnology

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究青年项目"历史人类学视野下的民国商会与社会转型:贵州安顺的商会与商绅(1935-1949)"(项目编号:10YJC840049)阶段性成果

摘　　要：中国西南的人类学研究有着深厚的区域研究传统。改革开放之后,西南研究陆续出现了"区域模式"、"族群模式"和"跨境模式"三种研究范式。其中"区域模式"更贴近于社会历史现实,具有强烈的学科问题意识。至二十一世纪,基于历史上民族的源流考察与走势判断,兴起了诸如西南丝绸之路、茶马古道、滇黔驿道、进藏公路等"通道"研究。这种基于"走廊"学说和"通道"研究而展开的"区域模式",将交互性和流动性作为研究之重点,来深入地阐释形塑西南中国社会人文特质的关系结构,将有利于中国人类学获得更符合中国历史文化经验的世界图式,也有助于具体研究者获得真正的文化自觉和认知主体性。人类学的中国西南研究只有基于"区域性"的大视野来展开,在一种关系格局中来寻找西南研究的问题意识,才能摆脱"民族性"的现代叙事,并对"民族认同"这样的问题有所超越,最终回归到当地的社会历史现实和人文形态特质来深化对中国西南的认识把握,从而在学理上展开一些更为深入的对话。The historically complicated ethnic migration and cultural interaction,as well as present day multi- ethnic interactive symbiosis in the ＂corridors ＂ and ＂channels ＂ of Southwest China constitutes a great challenge to the traditional ＂taxonomic-style＂ ethnic research and modern＂mosaic-style＂understanding of the region. Moreover,it also stimulates those in Southwest studies to pay more attention to a regional model of＂cross-cutting＂ and integration. Different from the ＂single ethnic group＂ research model,area studies in Southwest China emphasizes the breakdown of administrative divisions, and the transcendence of ethnic boundaries. It attempts to explore the feature of mobility and structure of relationships contained in the ＂Southwest ＂ itself based on the characteristics of the ethnic ＂corridors＂ and migration ＂channels＂ in this region.The rise of the topics,such as the zangyi zoulang（ Tibetan-Yi Corridor）,the xinan sichou zhilu（ Southwest Silk Road）,and the chama gudao（ the Ancient Tea Caravan Road） in current academic circles is pushing areas studies in Southwest China to a higher academic level and theoretical cognition. Based on a review and forecast of this academic trend, this article tries to give some thoughts on the future development,and possible breakthroughs, of contemporary anthropological studies in Southwest China from the aspects of research subjects, problem consciousness, and methodology.1. The ＂Corridor ＂ Doctrine： A Model of Area Studies in Southwest China Since the 1980 s,the direction of Southwest Studies could be summarized into two aspects： 1）the creation of a comprehensive area studies pattern,for instances,the emergence of the research on the ＂Tibetan-Yi Corridor＂,and ＂Ancient Tea Caravan Route＂; 2） the gradual development of special research on a single ethnic group,for instance,the founding of various associations which aimto study a specific ethnic group,such as the Tibetology Association, Association for the Yi Stud

关 键 词：中国西南 区域研究 走廊学说 通道研究 

分 类 号：C95[社会学—民族学]