对实验性肾脏病动物模型的再认识  

Recognition of experimental animal model with kidney disease

作　　者：万毅刚[1,2,3] 黄燕如[2] 孙伟[2] 毛志敏[2] 史喜苗[2] 姚建[2,4] 

机构地区：[1]南京大学医学院附属鼓楼医院中医科,江苏南京210008 [2]南京中医药大学肾病研究所,江苏南京210029 [3]Department of Cell Biology,Institute of Nephrology,Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences [4]Department of Molecular Signaling,University of Yamanashi

出　　处：《中国中药杂志》2014年第21期4075-4081,共7页China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(81374030);南京市卫生青年人才培养工程项目

摘　　要：肾脏病动物模型一般分为二类,一类是通过施加人为操作而模拟人类肾脏病的模型,这类经典的动物模型包括抗肾小球基底膜抗体肾炎、Heymann肾炎、抗Thy1.1抗体肾炎、BSA肾炎以及嘌呤霉素肾病等;另一类动物模型是"自然发病模型",也就是让动物自然出现近似人类肾脏病的病理特征,它们包括HIGA小鼠Ig A肾病和NZB/WF1小鼠、MRL/1pr小鼠狼疮性肾炎模型。另外,借助基因敲除、siRNA转染等现代分子生物学技术也可以制作出转基因动物模型。对于肾脏病领域的中药药效学、药理学研究而言,首要的是,正确认识各种肾脏病动物模型的特点,针对实验的具体目的而选择合适的模型;其次的是,需要病证结合动物模型的支撑。因此,建立具有中医证候特征的肾脏病动物模型是今后的发展方向。Animal models with kidney disease are generally divided into two types. One belongs to the models which imitate human kidney disease by the artificial operations, such as anti-glomerular basement membrane antibody nephritis, Heymann nephritis, anti-Thyl. 1 antibody nephritis, BSA nephritis and puromycin nephropathy. The other one pertains to the models which make themselves kidney disease,and appear the pathological characteristics naturally as like as human, such as HIGA mice with IgA nephropathy and NZB/WF1 and MRL/lpr mice with lupus nephritis. In addition,the transgenic animal models with kidney disease can also be estab- lished by the modern molecular biologic techniques including gene knockout and siRNA transfection. As for the studies related with kidney disease in pharmacodynamics and pharmacology of Chinese herbal medicine（CHM） ,it is important to understand deeply the features of each animal model with kidney disease, and select accurately the proper models according to the different experimental objectives ,and then, build the special models provided with the combination of disease with syndrome in traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）. Therefore,it is the developmental direction for the further study to establish animal models with kidney disease, which should possess the characteristics of syndrome in TCM.

关 键 词：肾脏病 动物模型 

分 类 号：R277.5[医药卫生—中医学] R-332