中国2012年18～59岁就业流动人口吸烟状况分析  

Smoking behavior among the Chinese employed floating population aged 18-59 in 2012

作　　者：黄正京[1] 王丽敏[1] 张梅[1] 邓茜[1] 王志会[1] 赵寅君[1] 李镒冲[1] 赵振平[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心慢性非传染性疾病预防控制中心,北京100050

出　　处：《中华流行病学杂志》2014年第11期1192-1197,共6页Chinese Journal of Epidemiology

摘　　要：目的 了解中国18～59岁就业流动人口吸烟状况,为制定其慢性非传染性疾病（慢性病）防控方案提供依据.方法 利用中国慢性病及其危险因素监测（2012）流动人口专题调查数据,并根据18～ 59岁就业流动人口分布状况选取170个调查县（区、团）,按照6个职业分层,采用多阶段等额整群抽样方法,以面对面访谈方式收集该人群吸烟信息,并使用复杂抽样设计方法进行统计分析.结果 共纳入样本人群48 699人,现在吸烟率为32.5％（95％CI：32.0％～33.0％）,其中男性（55.3％,95％CI：54.6％～ 56.0％）显著高于女性（1.9％,95％CI：1.7％～2.1％）（x2=2.6,P=0.103 7）;男性各年龄组现在吸烟率的差异无统计学意义（x2=2.6,P=0.103 7）,但随文化程度提高而有降低趋势（x2=140.7,P＜0.000 1）,以建筑业人群现在吸烟率最高（58.6％,95％ CI：57.3％～60.0％）.现在每日吸烟率为27.9％ （95％CI：27.4％ ～ 28.4％）,其中男性（47.8％,95％CI：47.1％～48.5％）显著高于女性（1.3％,95％CI：1.1％～1.4％）.现在吸烟者人均每日吸烟量为15.6（95％CI：15.5～15.8）支,其中男性为15.7（95％CI：15.6～ 15.9）支,女性为10.3 （95％CI：9.3 ～ 11.3）支;男性现在吸烟者人均每日吸烟量呈随年龄增加而上升趋势（t=34.89,P＜0.000 1）和随文化程度提高而降低趋势（t=-14.63,P＜0.000 1）,以建筑业人群人均每日吸烟量最高为18.2 （95％CI：17.9～ 18.6）支.样本人群中每日吸烟者日均吸烟量≥20支者的比例为47.1％,男性（47.6％）明显高于女性（21.9％）,并呈随年龄增加及文化程度降低而升高,且以建筑业人群最高（60.4％）.吸烟者戒烟率为10.3％ （95％CI：9.7％ ～ 10.8％）,其中男性为10.1％ （95％CI：9.6％ ～ 10.7％）,女性为14.8％（95％CI：11.1％～ 18.5％）,且有随吸烟者年龄增加而上升趋势（x2=118.9,P＜0.000 1）,不同文化程度和职业者戒烟Objective To understand the prevalence of cigarette smoking among employed floating population in China and to provide evidence for developing prevention and control measures targeted at cigarette smoking among them.Methods On the basis of the Disease Surveillance Points （DSPs） System and employed distribution among floating population,the China Non-communicable and Chronic Disease Risk Factor Surveillance in 2012 sampled from 170 DSPs,multi-stage stratified equal-sized cluster sampling method was used and stratified by six occupational groups.Cigarette smoking related information among the employed floating population was collected by face-to-face interviews.The analytical method accounted for the complex sampling design.Results There were 48 699 subjects,aged 18-59 years old,eligible and included in this analysis among the surveyed employed floating population.Among them,the prevalence of current smoking was 32.5% （95% CI：32.0%-33.0%）.A significantly higher percentage of men 55.3% （95%CI：54.6%-56.0%） relative to women 1.9% （95% CI：1.7%-2.1%） reported current smoking （x2=2.6,P=0.103 7）.Among men,differences in current smoking rates remained similar across age groups （x2=2.6,P=0.103 7）,but the current smoking rate tended to be lower with higher education （x2=140.7,P〈0.000 1）.The current smoking rate in men was the highest （58.6%,95% CI：57.3%-60.0%） in the floating population working in the construction industry.The prevalent of daily cigarette smoking was 27.9% （95% CI：27.4%-28.4%）,with a significantly higher proportion among men 47.8% （95% CI：47.1%-48.5%） than among women 1.3% （95%CI：1.1%-1.4%）.Among daily smokers,the mean number of cigarettes smoked was 15.6（95%CI：15.5-15.8） per day （men：15.7 per day;women：10.3 per day）.The number was higher in men 15.7 （95%CI：15.6-15.9） than in women 10.3 （95%CI：9.3-11.3）.Among daily smoking men,the daily consumed cigarettes number increased with the age increased （t=34.89,P〈 0.000 1）,w

关 键 词：烟草控制 流动人口 现在吸烟率 戒烟率 二手烟暴露 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学]