女性病者与男性医家——清代礼教文化中的女性隐疾应对  

Female Patients and Male Doctors:Qing Dynasty's Ethics for Dealing with Female Unmentionable Disease

作　　者：张田生[1] 

机构地区：[1]渭南师范学院人文与社会发展学院,陕西渭南714099

出　　处：《自然科学史研究》2014年第2期188-200,共13页Studies in The History of Natural Sciences

摘　　要：清代礼教大力提倡男女之大防,这给男性医家治疗女性隐疾制造了困难。但大多数病家以女性隐疾为重,积极应对,延请男性医家治疗。为了保护隐私,病家选择了口述病情、歪曲病情、不言病情、隔幕诊脉等策略。医家为了满足病家保护隐私的心理和方便治疗,采取了间接了解病情、说理开导、与病者结成准血缘关系等策略。礼教没有对女性隐疾应对中性别关系进行规范,从而造成了女性病者与男性医家互动的混乱。在女性隐疾应对中,男女之大防的礼教在一定程度上被消解了。That the ethics in Qing dynasty strongly called for segregation between men and women brought difficulty which prevented male doctors from treating female unmentionable disease. However, laying stress on their unmentionable disease, most female patients took an active action to invite male doctors. In order to protect their privacy, they chose such tactics as narrating their dis- ease, misrepresenting it, saying nothing, or having their pulse felt behind a curtain. To meet the psychological needs of female patients and facilitate their treatment, male doctors adopted other means for their treatment, such as inquirimg indirectly about their disease, reasoning with them to make them sensible and forming a quasi-blood relationship. Ethics did not standardize the gender re- lationship to cope with female unmentionable disease so that the interactions between female patients and male doctors were confused to a certain extent. The ethics about segregation between men and women was alleviated in the course of treating female unmentionable disease.

关 键 词：清代 礼教 女性隐疾 性别关系 

分 类 号：R2-09[医药卫生—中医学]