冠心病患者支架植入术后相关知识需求调查  

Knowledge requested by patients with coronary artery disease after stent implantation

作　　者：尹朝霞[1] 肖涛[1] 史作霞[2] 闫静[2] 陈瑒[1] 

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学附属复兴医院月坛社区卫生服务中心,北京100045 [2]首都医科大学附属复兴医院心内科

出　　处：《中华全科医师杂志》2014年第11期895-898,共4页Chinese Journal of General Practitioners

基　　金：北京市西城区优秀人才培养资助

摘　　要：目的 调查冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病（冠心病）支架植入术后患者对相关知识的需求情况,以指导临床健康教育.方法 2013年9-11月对月坛社区卫生服务中心及复兴医院心内科就诊的已行冠状动脉支架植入术并能配合的冠心病患者进行有关冠心病相关知识需求的问卷调查,自行设计调查问卷,调查采用开放式和启发式提问相结合方式进行.共入选362例患者,男性235例（64.9％）,女性127例（35.1％）,平均年龄（67±12）岁.结果 患者对相关知识点的需求依次为：饮食治疗255例（70.4％）,药物不良反应241例（66.6％）,运动治疗221例（61.0％）,如何预防冠心病181例（50.0％）,能否停药176例（48.6％）,支架寿命168例（46.4％）,术后复查指标162例（44.8％）,为何患冠心病156例（43.1％）,药物作用134例（37.0％）.进一步分析发现,植入支架术后1年内的患者与1年以上的患者相比,对为何患冠心病（x2 =37.4,P＜0.001）、支架寿命（x2=39.9,P＜0.001）、如何预防冠心病（x2=13.4,P=0.001）、术后复查指标（x2=21.2,P=0.001）的需求高,对能否停药（x2 =9.56,P=0.008）、饮食治疗（x2=6.49,P=0.04）的需求较低;70岁以下患者对为何患冠心病（x2 =31.6,P＜0.001）、如何预防冠心病（x2=9.99,P=0.007）、支架寿命（x2 =79.1,P＜0.001）、药物不良反应（x2=7.84,P=0.02）知识点的需求高于70岁以上患者;初中以上学历患者对为何患冠心病（x2=26.6,P＜0.001）、如何预防冠心病（x2=14.4,P=0.001）、支架寿命（x2=7.82,P=0.02）知识点需求高于初中及以下学历患者;大专以上学历患者对为何患冠心病（x2=26.6,P＜0.001）、术后复查指标（x2=10.7,P=0.005）知识点需求高于大专以下学历患者.结论 冠心病支架植入术后患者对相关知识的需求受多种因素影响,在健康教育中应加以考虑.Objective To survey the knowledge requested by patients with coronary artery disease （CAD） after stent implantation.Methods A survey on CAD and stent-related knowledge requested by CAD patients with stent implantation was conducted with a self-designed questionnaire from September 2013 to November 2013.Total 362 patients （235 males and 127 females） aged （67 ± 12） years participated in the survey in Yuetan Community Health Service Center and Fuxing Hospital in Beijing.Open questions and heuristic questions were used together during the survey.Results The knowledge requested by patients were：diet management（255,70.4%）,side effects of medication（241,66.6%）,management of physical activity （221,61.0%）,prevention of CAD（181,50.0%）,withdrawal of medication（176,48.6%）,the life of stents （168,46.4%）,post-operation check-up items （162,44.8%）,the causes of CAD （156,43.1%）and drug mechanisms（134,37.0%）.Patients with stent implantation less than one year requested more knowledge about the cause of CAD （x2 =37.4,P 〈 0.001）,life-time of stent （x2 =39.9,P 〈0.001）,prevention of CAD （x2 =13.4,P =0.001）,post-operation check-up items （x2 =21.2,P =0.001） and requested less knowledge about withdrawal of medication （x2 =9.56,P =0.008）,diet management （x2 =6.49,P =0.04） than those with more than one year.Patients aged 〈 70 years requested more knowledge about the cause of CAD （x2 =31.6,P 〈 0.001）,prevention of CAD （x2 =9.99,P =0.007）,life-time of stent （x2 =79.1,P 〈 0.001）,side effects of medication （x2 =7.84,P =0.02） than patients aged 〉 70 years.Patients with education higher than junior high school requested more knowledge about the cause of CAD （x2 =26.6,P 〈 0.001）,prevention of CAD （x2 =14.4,P =0.001） and life-time of stents （x2 =7.82,P =0.02） than those with education lower than junior high school.Patients with education higher than junior college requested more knowledge about the cause of CAD （x2 =26.6,P 〈 0.0

关 键 词：冠状动脉疾病 问卷调查 健康教育 支架 

分 类 号：R541.4[医药卫生—心血管疾病]