高砷粗铅真空蒸馏脱除砷的研究  

Removal of Arsenic from High-Arsenic Crude Lead by Vacuum Distillation

作　　者：孔祥峰[1,2,3] 熊恒[1,4,3] 杨斌[1,4,3] 刘大春[1,4,3] 徐宝强[1,4,3] 戴永年[1,3] 杨诚[1,3] 

机构地区：[1]真空冶金国家工程实验室,昆明650093 [2]中南大学冶金与环境工程学院,长沙410083 [3]复杂有色金属资源清洁利用国家重点实验室,昆明650093 [4]云南省有色金属真空冶金重点实验室,昆明650093

出　　处：《真空科学与技术学报》2014年第10期1118-1122,共5页Chinese Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2012CB722803);云南省应用基础研究自筹经费项目(2013FZ028);昆明理工大学分析测试基金(20130232);教育部"创新发展计划"(IRT1250)

摘　　要：采用鼓风炉熔炼高砷粗铅为原料,对其真空蒸馏脱除砷进行理论分析和实验研究,考察蒸馏温度、恒温时间对砷脱除率、金属铅直收率的影响。理论分析结果表明：砷与铅的饱和蒸气压差异较大,且两者不形成金属间化合物,在较低的蒸馏温度条件下,高砷粗铅真空蒸馏可以有效地脱除砷。实验结果表明：在系统压力为5-15 Pa,蒸馏温度为973 K,蒸馏时间为30 min的条件下,砷的脱除率为80%,铅的直收率为97%,粗铅中铜的存在对砷的脱除有较大的影响。此工艺为粗铅真空蒸馏脱除砷提供新的方法,对粗铅采用真空蒸馏精炼除砷具有一定的指导意义和应用价值。Removal of arsenic from high-arsenic crude lead by vacuum distillation was modeled, theoretically calculated, and experimentally evaluated. The effects of the distillationconditions, including the pressure, distillation temperature and time, on the removal rate of arsenic and direct recovery of lead were examined. The calculated results show that vacu- um distillation is feasible to effectively remove arsenic from crude lead with high arsenic impurity at a moderate tempera- ture because at a given elevated temperature, the saturated vapor pressure of arsenic is much higher than that of lead, and because arsenic and lead cannot form an intermetallic compound. The vacuum distillation was experimentally tested. Dis- tilled at a pressure of 5 to 15 Pa and at 973 K for 30 min,the removal rate of arsenic and direct recovery rate of lead were found to be 80 % and 97 %, respectively. Besides, copper impurity was found to negatively affect the removal of arsenic because copper and arsenic form an intermetallic compound.

关 键 词：粗铅 真空蒸馏 脱除 砷 

分 类 号：TF131[冶金工程—冶金物理化学] TF812