豆粕和花生粕部分替代鱼粉添加四种添加剂对凡纳滨对虾饲料表观消化率的影响  

Effects of four additives on apparent digestibility coefficients of nutrients for Litopenaeus vannamei fed diets with partial replacement of fish meal by plant protein

作　　者：陈冰[1] 齐飞[1,2] 黄燕华[1] 王国霞[1] 李永娟[1,2] 李林[1] 曹俊明[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东省农业科学院动物科学研究所广东省动物育种与营养公共实验室广东省畜禽育种与营养研究重点实验室,广东广州510640 [2]华中农业大学水产学院,湖北武汉430070

出　　处：《饲料工业》2014年第20期19-24,共6页Feed Industry

基　　金：国家科技部星火计划[2012GA780002];广东省自然基金团队项目[10351064001000000];广东海洋渔业局科技推广专项[A201101D05];惠州市产学研结合项目[2012B050013010]

摘　　要：为节约鱼粉资源和降低饲料成本,提高凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)对豆粕和花生粕部分替代鱼粉饲料的消化利用率,在含22%豆粕、18%花生粕和23%鱼粉的基础饲料(G0)中分别添加0.212%包膜赖氨酸和0.084%包膜蛋氨酸(G1)、1%复合芽孢杆菌(G2)、0.04%植酸酶(G3)、0.62%核苷酸混合物(G4),以三氧化二钇为指示剂,研究凡纳滨对虾对饲料干物质、粗蛋白质、粗脂肪、磷、能量和氨基酸的表观消化率。结果显示,与基础组相比,添加组对虾的干物质和粗脂肪表观消化率显著升高(P<0.05),G2和G3粗蛋白质和磷的表观消化率显著升高(P<0.05),添加组能量的表观消化率分别升高14.8%、12.1%、9.4%和7.7%,但差异未达到显著水平(P>0.05)。各组中所有氨基酸(G1除甘氨酸和半胱氨酸外)的表观消化率基本高于85%,其中G1除苯丙氨酸、苏氨酸、蛋氨酸、脯氨酸和半胱氨酸外的氨基酸表观消化率无显著差异(P>0.05),G2所有氨基酸、G3除脯氨酸和酪氨酸外和G4除赖氨酸、精氨酸、丝氨酸和酪氨酸外的氨基酸表观消化率显著升高(P<0.05)。结果表明,豆粕和花生粕部分替代鱼粉饲料,分别添加包膜赖氨酸和蛋氨酸、复合芽孢杆菌、植酸酶、核苷酸混合物能提高凡纳滨对虾对饲料干物质和粗蛋白质、脂肪、磷、能量及氨基酸的表观消化率,其中以复合芽孢杆菌和植酸酶的作用效果最为显著。Abstract： The experiment was conducted to study the effect of dietary coated lysine and methionine, compound bacillus, phytase and nucleotide mixture on apparent digestibility（AD） of dry matter, crude protein, crude lipid, energy and amino acids for Litopenaeus vannamei fed diets with partial replace- ment of fish meal by soybean meal and peanut meal, using a basal diet with yttrium oxide as the indica- tor. The experiment diets were prepared by respectively adding 0.212% coated lysine and 0.084% me- thionine, 1% compound bacillus, 0.04% phytase and 0.62% nucleotide mixture into the basal diet（G0） containing 23% fish meal, 22% soybean meal and 18% peanut meal named G1, G2, G3, G4. The re- sults showed that AD of dry matter and crude lipid of nutrients in G1, G2, G3 and G4 were significant-ly higher than those in GO. Compared with GO, crude protein and phosphorus were significantly higher in G2 and G3, and AD of energy were not significantly different in G1, G2, G3 and G4. All the AD of amino acids were more than 85% in the groups. Compared with GO, the amino ae- ids in G1 except the Phe, Thr, Pro and Cys showed no significant difference（P〉0.05）, and AD of all amino acids in （;2, the amino acids in （;3 except Pro and G4 except Lys, Arg, Ser and Tyr were significantly increased（P〈0.05）.The results indicate that dietary coated methionine and lysine, compound bacillus, phytase, nucleotide mixture could improve apparent digestibility（AD） of nutrients for Lilopenaeus vannamei. Compound bacillus and phatase seem to be better than the other additives.

关 键 词：凡纳滨对虾 包膜氨基酸 复合芽孢杆菌 植酸酶 核苷酸混合物 表观消化率 

分 类 号：S968.22[农业科学—水产养殖]