天然草地补播豆科牧草的研究进展  

Research Progress of Reseeding Forage Legumes into Natural Grassland

作　　者：阎子盟 张玉娟[1] 潘利[1] 唐士明[1] 王堃[1] 黄顶[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学动物科技学院,北京100193

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2014年第29期1-7,共7页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)科研专项"不同区域草地承载力与家畜配置"(200903060);"牧区家庭牧场资源优化配置技术模式研究与示范"(201003019);"半干旱牧区天然打草场培育及利用技术研究与示范"(201303060)

摘　　要：目前,中国天然草地退化严重,草地补播是一项重要的草地改良措施。特别是在以禾本科草为主的天然草地上补播豆科牧草,能提高产草量,改善草地群落的营养成分,提高草地质量,改善土壤理化性质。然而此项措施并未有效地运用于实践,补播技术和草地群落稳定性都成为亟需解决的问题。笔者论述了天然草地补播豆科牧草关于品种选择、补播方式、补播时间等补播技术问题,对补播豆科牧草后天然草地的产草量、牧草品质、土壤理化性质的改变进行阐述分析,并从豆-禾牧草种间竞争和共存角度对补播后草地群落稳定性问题进行探讨。天然草地补播豆科牧草时应选择适宜的补播技术,并以种间竞争和共存理论为指导来提高补播群落的稳定性,实现草地生态的恢复。At present, the degradation of natural grassland is serious in China. Reseeding is an important measure of the grassland improvement. Reseeding forage legumes into natural grassland which is dominated with grasses had significant function on the improvement of forage yield, the nutrition of forage, grassland quality and physical and chemical properties of soil. However, the measure was not applied to practice effectively. Reseeding techniques and the stability of grassland community are the problems needed to be solved urgently. The author discussed the reseeding techniques about selection of variety, the way of reseeding and reseeding time, and analyzed the change of forage yield, forage quality and physical and chemical properties of soil after reseeding legumes. In addition, the stability of grassland community after reseeding was also discussed at the aspect of inter-specific competition and coexistence of grasses-legume. While reseeding legumes into natural grassland, we should select suitable reseeding techniques and make use of the theory of inter-specific competition and coexistence in order to enhance the stability of grassland community and realize the resuming of grassland ecology.

关 键 词：天然草地 豆科牧草 补播 技术 草地群落 

分 类 号：S812.8[农业科学—草业科学]