新疆乌鲁木齐市脑力工作者职业倦怠状况调查  

Investigation on job burnout of mental workers in Urumqi of Xinjiang

作　　者：高晓燕[1] 刘波[1] 魏娴[1] 李富业[1] 刘继文[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆医科大学公共卫生学院,新疆维吾尔自治区乌鲁木齐市830011

出　　处：《职业与健康》2014年第20期2878-2880,共3页Occupation and Health

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(项目编号:81060232;81260425)

摘　　要：目的了解目前脑力工作者的职业倦怠情况,为脑力工作者职业倦怠的防治工作提供依据。方法通过分层整群随机抽样选取新疆乌鲁木齐市脑力作业人员1 200名,采用职业倦怠量表进行问卷调查,然后对其中1 100份有效问卷进行分析。结果 1脑力工作者的情感耗竭、人格解体和个人成就感降低3个维度的总检出率分别为17.45%、45.91%和60.91%,轻度、中度和重度倦怠的检出率分别为33.27%、37.91%和8.64%,其中科研人员职业倦怠的检出率、中度和重度职业倦怠的检出率均高于管理人员和专业技术人员;2科研人员在人格解体、个人成就感降低维度上的得分均高于管理人员和专业技术人员;3不同民族在职业倦怠各维度和职业倦怠总得分上均无差异,女性、未婚、低收入及低教育水平者较容易发生职业倦怠;4脑力工作者出现职业倦怠更可能是在工作早期。结论脑力工作者职业倦怠状况较严重,并且以科研人员的职业倦怠情况最为严重,因此应该受到重视。此外,脑力劳动者的职业倦怠情况因人口学特征不同而异。[Objective]To know the current situation of job burnout among mental workers,provide the basis for the prevention and control of job burnout among mental workers. [Methods]1 200 mental workers were collected from Urumqi City by the stratified cluster random sampling. The questionnaire survey was conducted by the Maslach burnout inventory-general survey,and 1 100 valid questionnaires were analyzed.[Results]1 The detection rate of emotional exhaustion,depersonalization and reduced personal accomplishment among mental workers was 17. 45%,45. 91% and 60. 91%,respectively. The detection rate of mild,moderate and severe burnout was 33. 27%,37. 91% and 8. 64%,respectively. The total detection rate of job burnout,and the detection rates of moderate and severe burnout among researchers were higher than those among administrators and technicians. 2The scores of depersonalization and reduced personal accomplishment among researchers were higher than those among administrators and technicians. 3There were no differences in total scores and dimension scores of burnout among different ethnic groups. Females,single people,and people with low-income and low educational level were more liable to suffer from job burnout. 4Mental workers were more likely to occur job burnout in the earlier period of work.[Conclusion]The investigation shows that the job burnout of mental workers is more serious,especially researchers,which should be attached great importance to. Meanwhile,the status of job burnout among mental workers is different according to the demographic characteristics.

关 键 词：脑力工作者 职业倦怠 科研人员 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学]