2009-2013年蔚县手足口病流行病学特征分析  

Hand foot mouth disease epidemiological analysis in Yu County during 2009-2013

作　　者：王天满[1] 韩继红[1] 李海霞 任岗[1] 吕海玲[1] 赵新明[1] 霍少权 丁明 方旭云 燕广 

机构地区：[1]张家口市疾病预防控制中心,河北075000 [2]蔚县疾病预防控制中心 [3]张家口市卫生局 [4]蔚县卫生局

出　　处：《医学动物防制》2014年第10期1112-1113,1117,共3页Journal of Medical Pest Control

摘　　要：目的通过分析2009-2013年蔚县手足口病的流行病学特征,为今后调整手足口病防控策略提供科学依据。方法用Excel 2003建立数据库,对手足口病疫情资料进行数据录入,应用描述流行病学方法进行分析。结果蔚县手足口病流行广泛,集中于1-5岁;散居儿童占66.63%,托幼儿童占26.24%;病例集中于4-7月份,占全年病例的94.00%。流行毒株变迁呈现多样性,EV 71毒株5年间一直未减,但每年的优势株不同,2013年以Cox A6病毒感染为主,并于3-5月份部分儿童出现脱甲症,本地尚属首次出现,脱甲者未留后遗症,危害程度不大。结论蔚县手足口病呈现高度散发状态,局部有聚集病例发生,为有效控制疫情,应落实学校晨、午检制度,避免托幼机构聚集性病例的发生;医疗机构落实预检分诊制度,避免医源性交叉感染。Objective By investigating the epidemiologic feature of hand - foot - and - mouth disease （HFMD） in Yu county from 2009 to 2013, and provide scientific evidences for HFMD control. Methods Data information about HFMD was input into the computer, database was established with Excel 2003, and method of descriptive epidemiology was used. Results The incidence was the highest in 1 -5 yearsold children, it accounted for 66. 63% in scattered children, 26. 24% for preschool children; incidence rate peaked from April to July, accounted for 94. 00% of cases throughout the year. Epidemic strains showed diversity changes, EV71 strains has not been reduced from during the 5 years, leading strains showed different each year, CoxA6 viral infection was primary in 2013, some children lost their fingernail from March to May, which appeared for the first time, but left no consequence of harm. Conclusions HFMD were highly sporadic in Yu county, clusters of cases have occurred in local regions. In order to effectively control the epidemic, morning, afternoon inspection system should be implemented to avoid clusters cases occurred in nurseries, medical institutions should implement pre -triage system to avoid iatrogenic cross infection.

关 键 词：手足口病 流行病学 特征分析 

分 类 号：R512.5[医药卫生—内科学]