苏州市吴江区2013年农村环境卫生状况调查  

Rural environmental sanitation investigation in Wujiang district of Suzhou city in 2013

作　　者：周菊平 顾海金 

机构地区：[1]苏州市吴江区疾病预防控制中心,江苏215200

出　　处：《医学动物防制》2014年第10期1136-1138,共3页Journal of Medical Pest Control

摘　　要：目的调查分析苏州市吴江区农村环境卫生现状及主要危害因素,为政府环境卫生决策提供依据和支持。方法按照《2013年江苏省农村环境卫生监测项目技术方案》要求每年选择5个镇,每个镇选择4个行政村,每个村选择5户家庭进行调查。结果所有村制定了卫生制度、设有专职保洁员并开展卫生宣教,95.00%的村做过环境卫生管理规划,垃圾实行统一收集、定点堆放后进行卫生填埋,生活污水55.00%直接排放至周围河流、坑塘或者农田,农户卫生户厕覆盖率达99.77%;部分农户家庭厨房内发现蟑迹、鼠迹或苍蝇,房屋周围的病媒滋生场所以鸡鸭鹅圈居多;20份土壤样品中未检出蛔虫卵,铅达标率为100.00%,镉超标率为30.00%。结论全区暂无垃圾焚烧等先进处理方式,农村生活污水无害化处理率较低,部分农村居民防病意识不高,农田存在重金属镉污染,环境卫生状况有待进一步提高。Objective To analyze the factors of rural environmental health hazard in Wujiang district of Suzhou city, and provide the basis and support for the formulation of policy measures. Methods According to the requirements of Jiangsu province rural environmental sanitation technical monitoring project of 2013 , to select 5 towns each year, 4 administrative villages in each town, 5 families in each village were investigated. Results All villages developed health system, equipped with full -time cleaners and carried out health education, 95.00% villages had sanitary management planning, garbage were unified collect , fixed - point stacking, 55.00% life sewage was directly discharged to the surrounding rivers, ponds or farms, the penetration rate of sanitation toilets was 99.77% ; The traces of cockroach, mouse and flies were found in some household kitch- ens, most of the vector breeding sites around the houses were duck and goose ring; there were no roundworm ova detected in 20 soil samples , lead qualification rate was 100%, over standard rate of cadmium was 30. 00%. Conclusions There were no garbage incineration and other advanced processing methods in the district, rural sewage harmless treatment rate was low, the prevention awareness of some rural residents was not high, some farmlands had cadmium pollution, environmental health status needs to be improved.

关 键 词：农村 环境卫生 垃圾 污水 卫生厕所 

分 类 号：R127[医药卫生—环境卫生学]