昆虫腹肢发育相关基因的研究进展  

Advances in the genes associated with the development of ventral limbs in insects

作　　者：付明月[1] 陈鹏[1] 代方银[1] 鲁成[1] 童晓玲[1] 

机构地区：[1]家蚕基因组生物学国家重点实验室农业部蚕桑功能基因组与生物技术重点实验室西南大学生物技术学院,重庆400716

出　　处：《昆虫学报》2014年第8期962-968,共7页Acta Entomologica Sinica

基　　金：“863”计划项目(2013AA102507);国家自然科学基金面上项目(31472153,31372379);中央高校基本科研业务费重大培育项目(XDJK2013A001)

摘　　要：昆虫躯干外着生有一系列附属器官,主要包括背侧附器和腹侧附器,其中腹肢的多样性表现尤为突出。腹肢的发育过程受到多种调控因子的作用。本文就腹肢发育相关基因的表达、功能及调控因子间的相互作用等方面进行简要的综述。一方面,腹肢作为整体受Hox基因和成形素基因(Dpp/Wg)的调控,Hox基因直接决定腹肢的有无,Dpp/Wg通过其表达产物形成浓度梯度调控整个腹肢的发育,两者在腹肢整体发育中的作用不可取代。另一方面,腹肢基部、中部及远端部位分别受到各自特异的调控因子的作用。其中hth,tsh及al等均主要调节腹肢基部的发育,dac通过与Dll和Dpp/Wg相互作用从而调节腹肢中部的发育,bab,Dll及Lim1等对腹肢远端发育发挥重要作用。关节的形成对腹肢分节的形成至关重要,Notch信号通路相关因子如配体基因Dl和Ser,修饰物基因fng及下游靶基因odd,sob,drm和bowl等调节该过程。因此,研究昆虫腹肢发育相关基因,对于深入揭示腹肢的发育及其在进化过程中多样性形成的分子机制具有至关重要的作用。The body of insects consists of a series of appendages,including the dorsal and ventral appendages. Particularly,the ventral limbs exhibit great diversity. Here,we present a brief review of the expression,functions,and regulatory interactions of the genes related to the development of the ventral limbs. On one hand,the ventral limbs,as a whole,are controlled by the Hox gene and morphogens genes（Dpp /Wg）. Hox genes control whether there are ventral limbs on certain segment. Through the formation of concentration gradients of their expressed products,Dpp /Wg regulates the development of entire vental limbs. Both of them are irreplaceable for the development of the vental limbs. On the other hand,the proximal,intermediate and distal portions are controlled by the corresponding segmental special factors,respectively. For instance,hth,tsh and al mainly control the development of the proximal portion. Dac regulates the intermediate portion by the interaction of the Dll and Dpp /Wg. Bab,Dll and Lim1 control the development of distal portion. Furthermore,the formation of joints is crucial for the development of ventral limbs. Notch signaling related regulators,such as the ligand gene（ Dl and Ser）,the modifier gene（fng） and the downstream target genes（odd,sob,drm and bowl）,regulate that process. Studies on genes involved in the development of the ventral limbs are essential for well understanding the mechanisms that produce the appendages and revealing how the diversity in limbs has been evolved.

关 键 词：昆虫 发育 附器 腹肢 基因表达 基因调控 

分 类 号：Q966[生物学—昆虫学]