庐山层状云和对流云雨滴谱比较分析  

Comparative analysis on raindrop spectra of stratiform and convective cloud in Lushan

作　　者：张欢[1,2] 濮江平[1] 胡子浩[1] 张小鹏 王一琛 

机构地区：[1]解放军理工大学气象海洋学院 [2]解放军63788部队 [3]庐山气象局 [4]解放军91604部队

出　　处：《气象科学》2014年第5期483-490,共8页Journal of the Meteorological Sciences

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)项目(2010CD950804)

摘　　要：本文从庐山近3 a的雨滴谱观测资料中选取数例层状云降水和对流云降水个例,通过对两类云降水的平均雨滴谱分析拟合、各微物理量演变以及速度谱的对比研究,得出以下结论:庐山对流云降水的平均雨滴谱很宽,有直径大于10 mm的大雨滴出现。Γ分布,对层状云降水拟合,较MP分布差,而对对流云降水拟合,较MP分布好。两类云降水的雨强变化都是由最大雨滴直径和粒子数浓度共同决定的,但对于对流云降水,最大雨滴直径的决定作用更为重要。雨滴直径较小时,两类云降水的实测速度大于经验公式值;而雨滴直径较大时,实测速度值分布在经验公式曲线两侧,但对流云降水的分布偏差要大于层状云降水。Some cases of stratiform and convective cloud precipitation were selected from observation data of raindrop spectrum in Lushan in recent three years to comparatively investigate the fitting of average raindrop size distribution of two types of cloud precipitation, the evolution of various microphysical parame- ters and velocity spectrum. The results show that the average raindrop size distribution of convective cloud precipitation in Lushan has wider breadth, even existing larger raindrop wider than 10 mm. Gamma distri- bution performed poorer than MP distribution for stratiform cloud precipitation, while for convective cloud precipitation, it is better. The rainfall intensity fluctuation of two types of cloud precipitation depends on both the the maximum raindrop diameter and particle number concentration, but for convective cloud pre- cipitation, maximum raindrop diameter is more important. In the case of smaller raindrop diameter, the measured velocity of two types of cloud often exceeds the experienced values, but when raindrop diameter goes up, it distributes on both left and right sides of the experienced formula curve, while the distribution deviation of convective cloud oreeioitation is more .significant than that of stratiform.

关 键 词：降水 雨滴谱 对流云 层状云 

分 类 号：P426.62[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]