大断面软弱围岩隧道防塌方实时监测预警标准研究  

Warning Standards Study of Real-time Monitoring for Anti-collapse in Large Cross-sefction Tunnel of Soft and Weak Surrounding Rock

作　　者：马士伟[1] 韩学诠 廖凯[1] 杜俊[1] 

机构地区：[1]中铁西南科学研究院有限公司,成都611731 [2]中国中铁股份有限公司,北京100039

出　　处：《铁道工程学报》2014年第9期88-92,共5页Journal of Railway Engineering Society

摘　　要：研究目的:隧道事故统计分析表明,塌方发生数量和导致的人员伤亡远高于其他隧道灾害事故。在隧道施工中实现塌方前预警,可大大减少隧道塌方危害。而合理确定隧道塌方预警标准是实现软弱围岩隧道防塌方预警的关键,目前国内外未见成功的报道。因此,需要对隧道防塌方预警标准进行研究,以指导隧道安全施工。研究结论:(1)隧道变形量与水文地质条件、施工工法、施工进度等因素有关,目前规范中的标准值不适合直接应用于隧道塌方预警;(2)软弱围岩隧道防塌方实时监测不同于常规监测,关注的重点是拱顶相对于隧道底部或边墙的相对变形,因此采用相对变形量进行防塌方预警是可行的;(3)隧道防塌方实时监测预警基准值要根据目前规范位移限值、类似工程实测位移最大值和所在隧道工程实测数据综合确定;(4)现场试验表明,本文确定的隧道塌方预警基准值能满足隧道防塌方监测预警的需要,研究成果可应用于大断面软弱围岩隧道施工中。Research purposes： The statistics for tunnel disasters showed that the quantities and casualties of tunnel collapse are much higher than other tunnel disasters. Achieved warning before collapse in tunnel construction, can greatly reduce the tunnel collapse hazards. The key to achieve anti - collapse warning in soft and weak surrounding rock tunnel is to obtain anti - collapse warning standards. Therefore, it is necessary to study tunnel anti - collapse warning standards to guide safe tunnel construction. Research conclusions： （ 1 ） Deformation of the tunnel is relevant to hydrogeological conditions, construction method, construction progress and other factors. Currently, the standard values in criterion were not suitable for tunnel collapse warning. （2） It is practicable to achieve anti -collapse monitoring by relative deformation, because anti -collapse real- time monitoring focused on dome relative deformation differently from routine monitoring in soft and weak surrounding rock tunnel. （3） The reference value of tunnel anti - collapse real - time monitoring is determined by displacement limit value in criterion, the maximum value of the measured displacement in similar project and the measured data in tunnel project. （4） The field experiment indicated that the reference value could meet tunnel anti -collapsewarning. Therefore, the research results can be applied to large cross -section tunnel of soft and weak surrounding rock.

关 键 词：软弱围岩隧道 防塌方 实时监测 预警标准 

分 类 号：U456.3[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]