CSTR和ABR甲烷发酵系统运行特征比较  

Comparison of Characteristics of Methane Fermentation Systems in CSTR and ABR

作　　者：李雨霏[1] 郑国臣[2] 项丽君[3] 李建政[3] 郭静波[4] 张照韩[3] 王英伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学林学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150040 [2]松辽流域水资源保护局,吉林长春130021 [3]哈尔滨工业大学城市水资源与水环境国家重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨150090 [4]东北电力大学建筑工程学院,吉林吉林132012

出　　处：《中国给水排水》2014年第19期24-28,共5页China Water & Wastewater

摘　　要：厌氧发酵技术是解决环境污染及能源需求问题的重要途径。针对常见的连续流搅拌槽式反应器(CSTR)和厌氧折流板反应器(ABR)存在的甲烷发酵技术问题,开展了产甲烷系统的调控技术研究。在特定条件下,比较CSTR和ABR两类反应器的甲烷发酵系统效能。结果表明,在进水COD为4 000 mg/L、HRT为24 h条件下,CSTR系统运行73 d后可形成完整甲烷发酵,对COD的去除率维持在70%左右,但系统运行不够稳定。在接种污泥、进水COD、HRT等相同的情况下,ABR系统运行17 d后,对COD的去除率即可达到74%;保持有机负荷为4 kg/(m3·d)不变,通过调控ABR进水COD浓度、HRT等后,对COD的去除率可达到90%以上。与CSTR相比,ABR通过生物相的分离(产酸发酵菌群、产氢产乙酸菌群和产甲烷菌群等沿程分布于各格室并呈现不同的优势度),增强了产氢产乙酸作用,使系统去除效能更高、抗冲击负荷能力更强,运行也更稳定。Anaerobic fermentation technology is an important route to solve environmental pollution and resources problems. To address technical problems of methane fermentation in continuous flow stirred-tank reactor （CSTR） and anaerobic baffled reactor （ ABR）, the adjustment of methane production system was researched. The efficiency of methane fermentation systems in CSTR and ABR was compared under certain controlled conditions. With the influent COD concentration of 4 000 mg/L and HRT of 24 h, CSTR could achieve complete methane fermentation within 73 d, and the COD removal rate was a- round 70%. But the operation of the system was unstable. Under the same conditions and with inoculated sludge, ABR could remove 74% of COD within 17 d, and above 90% of COD could be removed by maintaining an organic load of 4 kg/（m^3 · d） and controlling influent COD concentration and HRT. Compared with CSTR, hydrogenic and acetogenic functions were enhanced by biofacies separation in ABR, namely acidogenic fermentation bacteria, hydrogenic and acetogenic bacteria and methanogenic bacteria were distributed in each chamber and showed different dominance, which makes the treatment efficiency of the system higher and resistance to shock load stronger and the operation of the system more stable.

关 键 词：有机废水 甲烷发酵 连续流搅拌槽式反应器 厌氧折流板反应器 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]