石墨烯去除水中重金属和抗生素的研究进展  

Research progress of application ofgraphene on removing heavy metals and antibiotics from water

作　　者：庄媛[1] 于飞[1,2] 马杰[1] 陈君红[1] 

机构地区：[1]同济大学污染控制与资源化研究国家重点实验室,上海200092 [2]上海应用技术学院化学与环境工程学院,上海2001418

出　　处：《功能材料》2014年第23期23001-23009,共9页Journal of Functional Materials

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(21207100;21177095)

摘　　要：重金属及抗生素污染具有相对稳定、难降解、毒性强、有积累效应等特点,两者协同污染的机率不断提高,并趋势成为全球问题。石墨烯因具有高比表面积和高反应活性特性,作为一种优异的吸附材料在污染治理领域具有较为广泛的应用前景。作为石墨烯的氧化物的氧化石墨烯具有丰富含氧基团、良好的化学可修饰性、比石墨烯具有更好的亲水性,也广泛用于吸附中。为解决纳米粉体易团聚和难粉体的问题,三维宏观石墨烯气凝胶应运而生,具有良好的应用前景并构建了石墨烯从微观到宏观发展的桥梁。针对近年来石墨烯、氧化石墨烯、三维石墨烯气凝胶在水中去除重金属和抗生素的研究进行综述,探讨其研究趋势和研究热点,并对未来研究方向进行展望。Heavy metals and antibiotics pollutants share the characteristics of high stability,resistance to degra-dation,high toxicity,and accumulative effects.With increasing probability of synergistically toxicity effect in water and soil environment,they have a tendency to become a global problem.Graphene,one of the most popu-lar carbon nanomaterials,has large specific surface area and high activity characteristics.As an excellent adsor-bent,it has broad prospects in application in the field of environmental pollution control.Graphene oxide is the oxide form of graphene with large number of oxygen groups on its surface,it could be easily modified chemical-ly and is more hydrophilic than graphene,it has excellent qualities as adsorbent for the removal of pollutants from aqueous solution.However,as nano powder adsorbents,graphene oxide and graphene is easy to agglomer-ate and difficult to be separated from water,which restrict its practical application and speed the emergence of three dimensional macro graphene aerogels.Graphene aerogels effectively solve the problem of agglomeration and separation and show better characteristics and application prospects.3D graphene has various appearances and microstructures owing to different preparation methods such as chemical vapor deposition,hydrothermal method and chemical oxidation and reduction method,its shape could be exist as either bulk,plate or nets.The generation of 3D graphene constructs the bridge of graphene from micro investigation to macro investigation.In recent years,the investigations on pollutants adsorption on graphene are wide and deep,not only the improve-ments of preparation methods to get better characteristics,but also broaden the kinds of pollutants as adsor-bate.In this paper,adsorption of heavy metals and antibiotics on graphene,graphene oxide and graphene aero-gel including the modification of graphene to become better adsorbents in recent years are reviewed,moreover, the research trend and hotspots are explored and the trend of future research is outlin

关 键 词：石墨烯 气凝胶 重金属 抗生素 吸附 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]