北京地区空气源热泵“无霜除霜”事故的实测研究  

Field Test Research on Accident of Air Source Heat Pump Frostless-defrosting in Beijing

作　　者：朱佳鹤 孙育英[1] 王伟[1] 盖轶静 李林涛[1] 董兴国[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京工业大学建筑工程学院,北京100124

出　　处：《建筑科学》2014年第10期41-46,共6页Building Science

基　　金："十二五"国家科技支撑计划项目"经济型空调冷热源与自然能源利用技术集成与示范"(2011BAJ03B10);北京市科技新星计划(201108)

摘　　要：传统的＂温度-时间＂除霜控制策略会导致空气源热泵（ASHP）在干燥、寒冷气象条件下,频繁出现周期性＂无霜除霜＂事故。本文针对此问题,在北京市2012～2013年供暖期内,对1台采用传统除霜控制的ASHP机组进行了连续60天的现场测试,从机组的运行和供热特性2个方面揭示了机组的无霜除霜事故特性,统计并量化了测试机组在北京地区应用的无霜除霜事故频次、及其所引起的供热损失。测试结果表明：机组共除霜1 737次,其中无霜除霜1 211次,占除霜总次数的70%。无霜除霜事故集中出现在＂无霜区＂和＂轻霜区＂。无霜区内,机组单次无霜除霜事故所造成的供热量损失和供热效率损失分别为108.3 kJ/kW和5%,轻霜区为156.7 kJ/KW和7%。测试期内,无霜除霜事故所引起的有效供热量损失为139.3MJ/kW。Traditional ＂temperature-time ＂ defrosting control strategy can lead to ＂frostless-defrost ＂ accident frequently on ASHP under dry and cold weather conditions. To solve this problem,a field test was conducted on one ASHP set adopting the traditional defrosting control for 60 days during the heating season from 2012 ～ 2013 in Beijing. The field test results present the characteristics of frostless-defrosting accidents of units from two aspects i.e. the unit operation and heating characteristic. It takes statistics and makes quantification on the frostlessdefrosting accident frequency and heating loss incurred of the test unit applied in Beijing. The field test results indicate that the unit defrosts for 1 737 times in total with 1 211 times frostless-defrosting,accounting for 70%.Frostless-defrosting accidents appear in the ＂frost-free area＂and ＂light frost area＂in concentration. In the ＂frostfree area＂,the amount of the heating loss of frostless-defrosting each time is 108. 3 kJ / kW,and the total heating efficiency loss is 5%. In the ＂light frost area＂,they are 156. 7 kJ /kW and 7% respectively. During this testing period,a total of the heating loss caused by the frostless-defrosting is 139. 3 MJ / kW.

关 键 词：空气源热泵 无霜除霜 除霜损失 北京地区 现场测试 

分 类 号：TU831.6[建筑科学—供热、供燃气、通风及空调工程]